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Research Article

volume 52 issue 11 (november 2018) : 1608-1612,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3417

Effect of reduced dietary crude protein and supplemental limiting amino acids on the growth and carcass characteristics of Swarnadhara chicks

B
Beena. C. Joseph
J
Jayanaik
T
T. Munegowda
C
Chandrapal
K
K. Singh
V
V. Malathi
1Department of Poultry Science, Veterinary College Hebbal, Bengaluru-560024, Karnataka, India.
Cite article:- Joseph C. Beena., Jayanaik, Munegowda T., Chandrapal, Singh K., Malathi V. (2018). Effect of reduced dietary crude protein and supplemental limiting amino acids on the growth and carcass characteristics of Swarnadhara chicks. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(11): 1608-1612. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3417.

ABSTRACT

A six-week trial was conducted to determine the effect of lowering dietary crude protein levels  with supplementation of limiting amino acid   on growth performance, and carcass characteristics   in one of the Indian improved crossbred Swarnadhara chicks  in a completely randomized design having five treatments and four replications of 20 birds in each. Five isocaloric (2800 ME Kcal//kg)   experimental diets based on corn-soy bean meal were formulated in a gradual crude protein decline from 21 % (control T1) to 19% by 0.5% interval. The levels of limiting amino acids namely methionine, lysine, threonine and tryptophan were met as that of control (T1) by adding synthetic preparations. Highest body weight was recorded in 2% crude protein reduced group (T5) which was comparable with control (T1). However, cumulative feed intake and feed conversion ratio of different treatments were not significantly different. Moreover, carcass parameters like dressing percentage, breast meat yield, liver and heart weights remained unaffected by the dietary treatments. Relative gizzard weight and abdominal fat weights showed variations and lower dietary protein diets were comparable with control diet (T1). In summary, crude protein content of Swarnadhara chick diet can be reduced to 19% with essential AA fortification without any adverse effect on growth performance and carcass characteristics during 0-6 weeks of age.

REFERENCES

  1. Abudabos,A., and Aljumaah,R. (2012). Broiler responses to reduced protein and energy diets supplemented with lysine, methionine and threonine J. Poult. Sci., 49: 101-105
  2. Aletor, V., Hamid, I., Neib E. and Pfeffer, E. (2000). Low-protein amino acid supplemented diets in broiler chickens: effects on performance, carcass characteristics, whole body composition and efficiency of nutrient utilization. J. Sci. Food Agric. 80: 547-554.
  3. Hussein, A, S., Cantor, A, H. and Pescatore ,A. J. (2001). 18effect of low protein diets with amino acid supplementation on broiler growth . J. Appl. Poult. Res. 10: 354-362.
  4. ICAR, (2013). Nutrient requirements of Poultry, 3rd Edition Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
  5. Kamran, Z., Mirza , M,A., Haq, A. and Mahmood, S. (2004). Effect of decreasing dietary protein levels with optimal amino acids profile on the performance of broilers. Pak. Vet. J. 24(4).
  6. Kamran, Z., Nisa, M., Nadeem, M. A., Sarwar, M., Mahmood, S., Baber, M.E. And Ahmed, S., (2008). Effect of low-protein diets having constant energy-to-protein ratio on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from one to thirty five days of age. Poult. Sci., 87:468–474 
  7. Khan, S. ., Ujjan,,N., Ahmed, G., Rind, M..I., Fazlani., S.A., Faraz, S., Ahmed , S. and Asif,.M .(2011). Effect of low protein diet supplemented with or without amino acids on the production of broiler. African. J . Biotech . 10(49): 10058-10065 
  8. Manegar, A.G. (2015). Effect of dietary supplementation of L Threonine and L Tryptophan by reducing levels of crude protein on growth performances and carcass characteristics of commercial broilers. PhD Thesis submitted to KVAFSU, Bidar
  9. McGill,E. (2009). Effects of low crude protein diets with amino acid supplementation on broiler performance in the starter period. Master of Science Thesis presented to the faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri-Columbia
  10. Namroud, N.F., Shivazad, M. and Zaghari, M. (2008). Effects of fortifying low crude protein diet with crystalline amino acids on performance, blood ammonia level, and excreta characteristics of broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 87: 2250-2258 
  11. NRC., (1994) . Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th ed. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC
  12. Parr, J. F., and Summers, J.D. (1991). The effects of minimizing amino acid excesses in broiler diets. Poult. Sci. 70:1540–1549.
  13. Ramarao, S. V., Raju, M. V. L. N., Panda, A. K., Shyamsunder, G., Bhanja, S. K.,and Sharma,R.P. (2005) . Performance of Vanaraja chicks fed diets containing different concentrationsof protein at constant ratio with limiting amino acids .Souvenir and Abstracts, IPSACON- 2005.
  14. Ramarao, S. V., Raju, M. V. L. N., Panda, A. K., Poonam, N. S., Moorthy, O. K., Srilatha, T. and Shyamsunder, G. (2011) .Performance, carcass variables and immune responses in commercial broiler chicks fed graded concentrations of threonine in diet containing sub-optimal levels of protein. Vet. Anim. Sci. J., 169:218-223
  15. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G., (1989). Statistical Methods. 9th Edn., The Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. 
  16. Torki M. (2007). Performance of broilers fed on low protein diets fortified with graded levels of methionine. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 117: 281-293.
  17. Waldroup, P.W. (2000). Feeding programs for broilers: the challenge of low protein diets. Proc. MD Nutr. Conf. Feed Manufact. 47:119-13 
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    Research Article

    volume 52 issue 11 (november 2018) : 1608-1612,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3417

    Effect of reduced dietary crude protein and supplemental limiting amino acids on the growth and carcass characteristics of Swarnadhara chicks

    B
    Beena. C. Joseph
    J
    Jayanaik
    T
    T. Munegowda
    C
    Chandrapal
    K
    K. Singh
    V
    V. Malathi
    1Department of Poultry Science, Veterinary College Hebbal, Bengaluru-560024, Karnataka, India.
    Cite article:- Joseph C. Beena., Jayanaik, Munegowda T., Chandrapal, Singh K., Malathi V. (2018). Effect of reduced dietary crude protein and supplemental limiting amino acids on the growth and carcass characteristics of Swarnadhara chicks. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 52(11): 1608-1612. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-3417.

    ABSTRACT

    A six-week trial was conducted to determine the effect of lowering dietary crude protein levels  with supplementation of limiting amino acid   on growth performance, and carcass characteristics   in one of the Indian improved crossbred Swarnadhara chicks  in a completely randomized design having five treatments and four replications of 20 birds in each. Five isocaloric (2800 ME Kcal//kg)   experimental diets based on corn-soy bean meal were formulated in a gradual crude protein decline from 21 % (control T1) to 19% by 0.5% interval. The levels of limiting amino acids namely methionine, lysine, threonine and tryptophan were met as that of control (T1) by adding synthetic preparations. Highest body weight was recorded in 2% crude protein reduced group (T5) which was comparable with control (T1). However, cumulative feed intake and feed conversion ratio of different treatments were not significantly different. Moreover, carcass parameters like dressing percentage, breast meat yield, liver and heart weights remained unaffected by the dietary treatments. Relative gizzard weight and abdominal fat weights showed variations and lower dietary protein diets were comparable with control diet (T1). In summary, crude protein content of Swarnadhara chick diet can be reduced to 19% with essential AA fortification without any adverse effect on growth performance and carcass characteristics during 0-6 weeks of age.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abudabos,A., and Aljumaah,R. (2012). Broiler responses to reduced protein and energy diets supplemented with lysine, methionine and threonine J. Poult. Sci., 49: 101-105
    2. Aletor, V., Hamid, I., Neib E. and Pfeffer, E. (2000). Low-protein amino acid supplemented diets in broiler chickens: effects on performance, carcass characteristics, whole body composition and efficiency of nutrient utilization. J. Sci. Food Agric. 80: 547-554.
    3. Hussein, A, S., Cantor, A, H. and Pescatore ,A. J. (2001). 18effect of low protein diets with amino acid supplementation on broiler growth . J. Appl. Poult. Res. 10: 354-362.
    4. ICAR, (2013). Nutrient requirements of Poultry, 3rd Edition Indian Council of Agricultural Research, New Delhi.
    5. Kamran, Z., Mirza , M,A., Haq, A. and Mahmood, S. (2004). Effect of decreasing dietary protein levels with optimal amino acids profile on the performance of broilers. Pak. Vet. J. 24(4).
    6. Kamran, Z., Nisa, M., Nadeem, M. A., Sarwar, M., Mahmood, S., Baber, M.E. And Ahmed, S., (2008). Effect of low-protein diets having constant energy-to-protein ratio on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from one to thirty five days of age. Poult. Sci., 87:468–474 
    7. Khan, S. ., Ujjan,,N., Ahmed, G., Rind, M..I., Fazlani., S.A., Faraz, S., Ahmed , S. and Asif,.M .(2011). Effect of low protein diet supplemented with or without amino acids on the production of broiler. African. J . Biotech . 10(49): 10058-10065 
    8. Manegar, A.G. (2015). Effect of dietary supplementation of L Threonine and L Tryptophan by reducing levels of crude protein on growth performances and carcass characteristics of commercial broilers. PhD Thesis submitted to KVAFSU, Bidar
    9. McGill,E. (2009). Effects of low crude protein diets with amino acid supplementation on broiler performance in the starter period. Master of Science Thesis presented to the faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri-Columbia
    10. Namroud, N.F., Shivazad, M. and Zaghari, M. (2008). Effects of fortifying low crude protein diet with crystalline amino acids on performance, blood ammonia level, and excreta characteristics of broiler chicks. Poult. Sci. 87: 2250-2258 
    11. NRC., (1994) . Nutrient Requirements of Poultry. 9th ed. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC
    12. Parr, J. F., and Summers, J.D. (1991). The effects of minimizing amino acid excesses in broiler diets. Poult. Sci. 70:1540–1549.
    13. Ramarao, S. V., Raju, M. V. L. N., Panda, A. K., Shyamsunder, G., Bhanja, S. K.,and Sharma,R.P. (2005) . Performance of Vanaraja chicks fed diets containing different concentrationsof protein at constant ratio with limiting amino acids .Souvenir and Abstracts, IPSACON- 2005.
    14. Ramarao, S. V., Raju, M. V. L. N., Panda, A. K., Poonam, N. S., Moorthy, O. K., Srilatha, T. and Shyamsunder, G. (2011) .Performance, carcass variables and immune responses in commercial broiler chicks fed graded concentrations of threonine in diet containing sub-optimal levels of protein. Vet. Anim. Sci. J., 169:218-223
    15. Snedecor, G.W. and Cochran, W.G., (1989). Statistical Methods. 9th Edn., The Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. 
    16. Torki M. (2007). Performance of broilers fed on low protein diets fortified with graded levels of methionine. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 117: 281-293.
    17. Waldroup, P.W. (2000). Feeding programs for broilers: the challenge of low protein diets. Proc. MD Nutr. Conf. Feed Manufact. 47:119-13 
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