Indian Journal of Animal Research

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Research Article

Indian Journal of Animal Research, volume 55 issue 8 (august 2021) : 863-866

The Incidence of Anterior and Posterior Presentation at Birth in Asian (Elephas maximus) and African Elephants (Loxodonta africana): A Review Study

Djordje Ilic, Aleksandra Ilic, Branislava Jakovljevic, Jelisaveta Dzigurski, Natasa Dragic, Svetlana Simic, Branka Petkovic, Slobodan Sekulic
1Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
Cite article:- Ilic Djordje, Ilic Aleksandra, Jakovljevic Branislava, Dzigurski Jelisaveta, Dragic Natasa, Simic Svetlana, Petkovic Branka, Sekulic Slobodan (2021). The Incidence of Anterior and Posterior Presentation at Birth in Asian (Elephas maximus) and African Elephants (Loxodonta africana): A Review Study. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 55(8): 863-866. doi: 10.18805/IJAR.B-1319.

ABSTRACT

A review was conducted using PubMed/MEDLINE (published articles) as well as World Wide Web (video material) to determine the frequency of anterior and posterior presentation of the elephant at birth. Of 46 identified cases, 12 were in anterior and 34 in posterior presentation. The Fisher exact test (p=0.682) did not show a statistically significant difference in the distribution of presentations between the Loxodonta africana (2 anterior and 10 posterior presentation) and Elephas maximus (10 anterior and 24 posterior presentation). The ratio between anterior and posterior presentation 6:29 (18.51% versus 81.49%) at birth without knowing dystocia, is significantly different from the distribution anterior and posterior presentation 6:3 (66.7% versus 33.3%) in cases with dystocia (Fisher exact test p = 0.012). Obtained data shows that posterior presentation at birth in elephants is more often present than anterior, while anterior presentation is more often associated with dystocia.

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