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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 53 issue 2 (february 2019) : 192-195,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-1043

Changes in some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids diagnosed with oak poisoning

Ö
Özgür Yasar Çelik
K
Kivanç Irak
1Siirt University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Siirt/Turkey.
Cite article:- Çelik Yasar Özgür, Irak Kivanç (2018). Changes in some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids diagnosed with oak poisoning. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(2): 192-195. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-1043.

ABSTRACT

In this study, some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids which had consumed excessive amounts of oak leaves and acorns in the autumn season and displayed toxicity symptoms during clinical inspections were evaluated. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of the goat kids. Glucose, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, Na, K, Cl, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of poisoned animals were found to be within the reported reference intervals. Creatinine, total protein, albumin, Ca, Mg and Fe levels, on the other hand, were found to be below the reference intervals. As a result, it was concluded that goats reflect the clinical findings of oak poisoning described in the literature, which courses with lowered amounts of mineral (Fe, Mg, Ca), TP, albumin and creatinine, yet without a significant change in other biochemical parameters. It can also be concluded that excessive consumption of oak by goats was capable of leading to toxicity.

REFERENCES

  1. Akar, F., and Filazi, A. (1992). Oak poisoning in goats. J Vet Med Sci, 63: 27-29. 
  2. Altintas, A., and Fidanci, U. (1993). Evcil Hayvanlarda ve Insanda Kanin Biyokimyasal Normal Degerleri. A.Ü.Vet.Fak.Derg, 40: 173-186. 
  3. Askn, I. (2013). Evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters of healthy Angora goats. Kirikkale University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology. Master thesis, Kirikkale.
  4. Aydin, S., and Üstün, F. (2012). Tannins 1- Chemical structure, pharmacological effects, analysis methods. J. Fac. Vet. Med. Istanbul Univ, 33: 21-31. 
  5. Balikçi, E., and Gürdogan, F. (2003). Determination of some clinial, haemotological and biochemical parameters for cattle fed dried oak leaf. Vet.Bil.Derg, 19: 27-32. 
  6. Batmaz, H. (2013). Koyun ve Keçilerin Iç Hastaliklari 1st Ed: Nobel Tip Kitapevi, Istanbul.
  7. Bausch, J.D., and Carson, T.L. (1981). Oak Poisoning in Cattle. Iowa State Univ Vet, 43:108-111. 
  8. Begovic, S., Dusic, E., Sacirbrebegovic, A., and Tafro, A. (1978). Examination of tannase activity of ruminal content and mucosa of goats on oak leaf diet and during intra ruminal administration of 3–10% tannic acid. Veterinarian, 27: 459-485. 
  9. Brune, M., Rossander, L., and Hallberg, L. (1989). Iron absorption and phenolic compounds: importance of different phenolic structures. Eur J Clin Nutr, 43: 547-557. 
  10. Cortinovis, C., and Caloni, F. (2013). Epidemiology of intoxication of domestic animals by plants in Europe. Vet J, 197: 163-168. 
  11. Dollahite, J., Pigeon, R., and Camp, B. (1962). The toxicity of gallic acid, pyrogallol, tannic acid, and Quercus havardi in the rabbit. Am J Vet Res, 23: 1264-1267. 
  12. Eröksüz, Y., Dabak, M., Eröksüz, H., Baydar, E., Türkoglu, I., and Yilmaz, I. (2013). Acute oak (Quercus infectoria) toxicosis in lambs. Revue Méd. Vét., 164: 302-306. 
  13. Guitart, R., Croubels, S., Caloni, F., Sachana, M., Davanzo, F., Vandenbroucke, V., and Berny, P. (2010). Animal poisoning in Europe. Part 1: Farm livestock and poultry. Vet J, 183: 249-254. 
  14. Hume, T. (2006). Oak poisoning in cattle. Vet Rec, 159: 860-860. 
  15. Hurrell, R.F., Reddy, M., and Cook, J.D. (1999). Inhibition of non-haem iron absorption in man by polyphenolic-containing beverages. Br. J. Nutr, 81: 289-295. 
  16. Irak, K., and Yilmaz, O. (2014). A retrospective evaluation of intoxication cases in animals of four different provinces between the years 2000 and 2004. Van Vet J, 25: 27-30. 
  17. James, L.F., Nielsen, D.B., and Panter, K.E. (1992). Impact of poisonous plants on the livestock industry. J Range Manage, 45: 3-8. 
  18. Kaneko, J., JW, H., and ML, B. (2008). Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. Sixth Edition.: Academic Press.
  19. Katiyar, R. (1981). Report on plant poisoning in sheep and goats. Livestock adviser, 6: 57-62. 
  20. Knight, A., and Walter, R. (2001). Plants causing kidney failure. In [A. Knight & R. Walter (Eds.)], A Guide to Plant Poisoning of Animals in North America. Ithaca, New York: Teton New Media, Jackson WY, 263-266.
  21. Kumar, R., and Singh, M. (1984). Tannins: their adverse role in ruminant nutrition. J Agric Food Chem, 32: 447-453. 
  22. Kushwaha, R., Rai, S.N., and Singh, A.K. (2012). Effect of feeding Acacia nilotica pods on body weight, milk yield and milk composition in lactating goats. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 46: 366-370. 
  23. Kushwaha, R., Rai, S.N., Singh, A.K., Chandra, G., Vaidya, M.M., Sharma, V.K., Pathan, M.M., and Kumar, S. (2011). Tanniniferous feed resources in dairy animals: A Review. Agri. Reviews, 32: 267-275. 
  24. Makkar, H. (2003). Effects and fate of tannins in ruminant animals, adaptation to tannins, and strategies to overcome detrimental effects of feeding tannin-rich feeds. Small Rumin Res, 49: 241-256. 
  25. Neser, J., Coetzer, J., Boomker, J., and Cable, H. (1982). Oak (Quercus Rubor) poisoning in cattle. J S Afr Vet Assoc, 53: 151-155. 
  26. Panter, K., Ralphs, M., Pfister, J., Gardner, D., Stegelmeier, B., Lee, S., Welch, K., Green, B., Davis, T., and Cook, D. (2011). Plants poisonous to livestock in the Western States. US Department of agriculture. Agr Bull, 415: 13-15. 
  27. Parton, K., and Bruere, A. (2002). Plant poisoning of livestock in New Zealand. N Z Vet J, 50: 22-27. 
  28. Patterson, R.E. (1966). Oak poisoning in livestock: Texas A&M University.
  29. Pérez, V., Doce, R.R., García-Pariente, C., Hervás, G., Ferreras, M.C., Mantecón, Á.R., and Frutos, P. (2011). Oak leaf (Quercus pyrenaica) poisoning in cattle. Res Vet Sci, 91: 269-277. 
  30. Reed, J.D. (1995). Nutritional toxicology of tannins and related polyphenols in forage legumes. J. Animal Sci, 73: 1516-1528. 
  31. Silanikove, N., Gilboa, N., Perevolotsky, A., and Nitsan, Z. (1996). Goats fed tannin-containing leaves do not exhibit toxic syndromes. Small Rumin Res, 21: 195-201. 
  32. Smith, M., and Sherman, D. (2009). Oak Poisoning Goat Medicine. Second Edition. Wiley-BlackWell. USA: 562-563.
  33. Spier, S., Smith, B., Seawright, A., Norman, B., Ostrowski, S., and Oliver, M. (1987). Oak toxicosis in cattle in northern California: clinical and pathologic findings. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 191: 958-964. 
  34. Ünver, E., Okur, A.A., Tahtabiçen, E., Kara, B., and Þamlý, H.E. (2014). Tannins and their impacts on animal nutrition. TURJAF, 2: 263-267. 
  35. Üstün, F., and Aydin, S. (2012). Tannins 2- Toxicity, nutritional effects, detannification. J. Fac. Vet. Med. Istanbul Univ, 33: 33-41. 
  36. Vermeire, L.T., and Wester, D.B. (2001). Shinnery oak poisoning of rangeland cattle: causes, effects & solutions. Rangelands, 23: 19-21. 
  37. Yaltirik, F. (1984). Türkiye Meþeleri Teþhis Klavuzu: Tarim Orman ve Köyisleri Bakanliðgi Genel Müdürlügü Yayini. Yenilik Basimevi. Istanbul.
  38. Yeruham, I., Avidar, Y., Perl, S., Yakobson, B., Shlosberg, A., Hanji, V., and Bogin, E. (1998). Probable toxicosis in cattle in Israel caused by the oak Quercus calliprinos. Vet Hum Toxicol, 40: 336-340. 
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    Research Article

    volume 53 issue 2 (february 2019) : 192-195,   Doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-1043

    Changes in some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids diagnosed with oak poisoning

    Ö
    Özgür Yasar Çelik
    K
    Kivanç Irak
    1Siirt University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Department of Internal Medicine, Siirt/Turkey.
    Cite article:- Çelik Yasar Özgür, Irak Kivanç (2018). Changes in some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids diagnosed with oak poisoning. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 53(2): 192-195. doi: 10.18805/ijar.B-1043.

    ABSTRACT

    In this study, some biochemical parameters of hair goat kids which had consumed excessive amounts of oak leaves and acorns in the autumn season and displayed toxicity symptoms during clinical inspections were evaluated. Blood samples were collected from the jugular veins of the goat kids. Glucose, AST, ALT, ALP, GGT, Na, K, Cl, cholesterol, and triglyceride levels of poisoned animals were found to be within the reported reference intervals. Creatinine, total protein, albumin, Ca, Mg and Fe levels, on the other hand, were found to be below the reference intervals. As a result, it was concluded that goats reflect the clinical findings of oak poisoning described in the literature, which courses with lowered amounts of mineral (Fe, Mg, Ca), TP, albumin and creatinine, yet without a significant change in other biochemical parameters. It can also be concluded that excessive consumption of oak by goats was capable of leading to toxicity.

    REFERENCES

    1. Akar, F., and Filazi, A. (1992). Oak poisoning in goats. J Vet Med Sci, 63: 27-29. 
    2. Altintas, A., and Fidanci, U. (1993). Evcil Hayvanlarda ve Insanda Kanin Biyokimyasal Normal Degerleri. A.Ü.Vet.Fak.Derg, 40: 173-186. 
    3. Askn, I. (2013). Evaluation of haematological and biochemical parameters of healthy Angora goats. Kirikkale University, Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Physiology. Master thesis, Kirikkale.
    4. Aydin, S., and Üstün, F. (2012). Tannins 1- Chemical structure, pharmacological effects, analysis methods. J. Fac. Vet. Med. Istanbul Univ, 33: 21-31. 
    5. Balikçi, E., and Gürdogan, F. (2003). Determination of some clinial, haemotological and biochemical parameters for cattle fed dried oak leaf. Vet.Bil.Derg, 19: 27-32. 
    6. Batmaz, H. (2013). Koyun ve Keçilerin Iç Hastaliklari 1st Ed: Nobel Tip Kitapevi, Istanbul.
    7. Bausch, J.D., and Carson, T.L. (1981). Oak Poisoning in Cattle. Iowa State Univ Vet, 43:108-111. 
    8. Begovic, S., Dusic, E., Sacirbrebegovic, A., and Tafro, A. (1978). Examination of tannase activity of ruminal content and mucosa of goats on oak leaf diet and during intra ruminal administration of 3–10% tannic acid. Veterinarian, 27: 459-485. 
    9. Brune, M., Rossander, L., and Hallberg, L. (1989). Iron absorption and phenolic compounds: importance of different phenolic structures. Eur J Clin Nutr, 43: 547-557. 
    10. Cortinovis, C., and Caloni, F. (2013). Epidemiology of intoxication of domestic animals by plants in Europe. Vet J, 197: 163-168. 
    11. Dollahite, J., Pigeon, R., and Camp, B. (1962). The toxicity of gallic acid, pyrogallol, tannic acid, and Quercus havardi in the rabbit. Am J Vet Res, 23: 1264-1267. 
    12. Eröksüz, Y., Dabak, M., Eröksüz, H., Baydar, E., Türkoglu, I., and Yilmaz, I. (2013). Acute oak (Quercus infectoria) toxicosis in lambs. Revue Méd. Vét., 164: 302-306. 
    13. Guitart, R., Croubels, S., Caloni, F., Sachana, M., Davanzo, F., Vandenbroucke, V., and Berny, P. (2010). Animal poisoning in Europe. Part 1: Farm livestock and poultry. Vet J, 183: 249-254. 
    14. Hume, T. (2006). Oak poisoning in cattle. Vet Rec, 159: 860-860. 
    15. Hurrell, R.F., Reddy, M., and Cook, J.D. (1999). Inhibition of non-haem iron absorption in man by polyphenolic-containing beverages. Br. J. Nutr, 81: 289-295. 
    16. Irak, K., and Yilmaz, O. (2014). A retrospective evaluation of intoxication cases in animals of four different provinces between the years 2000 and 2004. Van Vet J, 25: 27-30. 
    17. James, L.F., Nielsen, D.B., and Panter, K.E. (1992). Impact of poisonous plants on the livestock industry. J Range Manage, 45: 3-8. 
    18. Kaneko, J., JW, H., and ML, B. (2008). Clinical Biochemistry of Domestic Animals. Sixth Edition.: Academic Press.
    19. Katiyar, R. (1981). Report on plant poisoning in sheep and goats. Livestock adviser, 6: 57-62. 
    20. Knight, A., and Walter, R. (2001). Plants causing kidney failure. In [A. Knight & R. Walter (Eds.)], A Guide to Plant Poisoning of Animals in North America. Ithaca, New York: Teton New Media, Jackson WY, 263-266.
    21. Kumar, R., and Singh, M. (1984). Tannins: their adverse role in ruminant nutrition. J Agric Food Chem, 32: 447-453. 
    22. Kushwaha, R., Rai, S.N., and Singh, A.K. (2012). Effect of feeding Acacia nilotica pods on body weight, milk yield and milk composition in lactating goats. Indian Journal of Animal Research, 46: 366-370. 
    23. Kushwaha, R., Rai, S.N., Singh, A.K., Chandra, G., Vaidya, M.M., Sharma, V.K., Pathan, M.M., and Kumar, S. (2011). Tanniniferous feed resources in dairy animals: A Review. Agri. Reviews, 32: 267-275. 
    24. Makkar, H. (2003). Effects and fate of tannins in ruminant animals, adaptation to tannins, and strategies to overcome detrimental effects of feeding tannin-rich feeds. Small Rumin Res, 49: 241-256. 
    25. Neser, J., Coetzer, J., Boomker, J., and Cable, H. (1982). Oak (Quercus Rubor) poisoning in cattle. J S Afr Vet Assoc, 53: 151-155. 
    26. Panter, K., Ralphs, M., Pfister, J., Gardner, D., Stegelmeier, B., Lee, S., Welch, K., Green, B., Davis, T., and Cook, D. (2011). Plants poisonous to livestock in the Western States. US Department of agriculture. Agr Bull, 415: 13-15. 
    27. Parton, K., and Bruere, A. (2002). Plant poisoning of livestock in New Zealand. N Z Vet J, 50: 22-27. 
    28. Patterson, R.E. (1966). Oak poisoning in livestock: Texas A&M University.
    29. Pérez, V., Doce, R.R., García-Pariente, C., Hervás, G., Ferreras, M.C., Mantecón, Á.R., and Frutos, P. (2011). Oak leaf (Quercus pyrenaica) poisoning in cattle. Res Vet Sci, 91: 269-277. 
    30. Reed, J.D. (1995). Nutritional toxicology of tannins and related polyphenols in forage legumes. J. Animal Sci, 73: 1516-1528. 
    31. Silanikove, N., Gilboa, N., Perevolotsky, A., and Nitsan, Z. (1996). Goats fed tannin-containing leaves do not exhibit toxic syndromes. Small Rumin Res, 21: 195-201. 
    32. Smith, M., and Sherman, D. (2009). Oak Poisoning Goat Medicine. Second Edition. Wiley-BlackWell. USA: 562-563.
    33. Spier, S., Smith, B., Seawright, A., Norman, B., Ostrowski, S., and Oliver, M. (1987). Oak toxicosis in cattle in northern California: clinical and pathologic findings. J Am Vet Med Assoc, 191: 958-964. 
    34. Ünver, E., Okur, A.A., Tahtabiçen, E., Kara, B., and Þamlý, H.E. (2014). Tannins and their impacts on animal nutrition. TURJAF, 2: 263-267. 
    35. Üstün, F., and Aydin, S. (2012). Tannins 2- Toxicity, nutritional effects, detannification. J. Fac. Vet. Med. Istanbul Univ, 33: 33-41. 
    36. Vermeire, L.T., and Wester, D.B. (2001). Shinnery oak poisoning of rangeland cattle: causes, effects & solutions. Rangelands, 23: 19-21. 
    37. Yaltirik, F. (1984). Türkiye Meþeleri Teþhis Klavuzu: Tarim Orman ve Köyisleri Bakanliðgi Genel Müdürlügü Yayini. Yenilik Basimevi. Istanbul.
    38. Yeruham, I., Avidar, Y., Perl, S., Yakobson, B., Shlosberg, A., Hanji, V., and Bogin, E. (1998). Probable toxicosis in cattle in Israel caused by the oak Quercus calliprinos. Vet Hum Toxicol, 40: 336-340. 
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