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volume 45 issue 3 (september 2011) : 186 - 191

CYPERMETHRIN INDUCED CHANGES IN BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF PLASMA OF FEMALE ALBINO RATS

G
G.K. Sangha
K
Kamalpreet Kaur
1Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Sangha G.K., Kaur Kamalpreet (2025). CYPERMETHRIN INDUCED CHANGES IN BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF PLASMA OF FEMALE ALBINO RATS. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 45(3): 186 - 191. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Cypermethrin is a broad spectrum, biodegradable  pyrethroid insecticide, with enhanced stability and considerable low mammalian toxicity. The present investigation was performed to investigate the sub acute effects of cypermethrin in female rats. Cypermethrin was dissolved in vegetable oil and administered orally (50mg/kg body weight daily) to female albino rats  for 15 and 30 days to evaluate the alterations in levels of various plasma constituents and enzymes. Group of rats receiving similar amount of distilled water and vegetable oil served as control rats. Bioconstituents like proteins and creatinine showed significant decrease in plasma after two and four weeks of cypermethrin treatment, however, plasma urea levels initially decreased after two weeks of treatment and then increased significantly after four weeks in treated rats. Activity of enzymes viz; phosphatases (acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP)), transaminases (aspartate  aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were enhanced in plasma of cypermethrin treated rats as compared to control rats. These changes observed in the levels of various enzymes and proteins, urea and creatinine in plasma could be sensitive index of the toxic effects of pesticide.

REFERENCES

  1. Abu El-Zahab H S, Amer M M, Awadallh R, Abdellla W E, El-Khyat Z A (1993) Physiological and histopathological studieson long term inhalation of adult albino rats to pyrethroids II- serum protein, enzymes, creatinine and urea nitrogen. J Egypt Ger Soc Zool 11(A): 311-334.
  2. Adeniran, O.Y., Fafunso, M.A., Adagmi, O., Lawal, A.O., Ologundur, A., Omonkhua, A.A., (2006), Biochemical effects of pesticides on sperm and urinological system of rats. J. Appl. Sci., .6(3): 668-672.
  3. Aldana, L.,Ttsutsumi, V., Craigmill, A., Silveira, M.I. and Demejia, E. G. (2001 ) Alpha- tocopherol modulates liver toxicity of the pyrethroid cypermethrin. Toxicol Letters 125: 107-116.
  4. Aldridge, W.N. (1990) An assessment of the toxicological properties of pyrethroids and their neurotoxicity. Critical Rev Toxicol., 21 : 89-104.
  5. Bansal, N., Uppal, V., Roy, K.S., Singh, O. (2007) Histoenzymic observations on the kidneys of rabbits due to cypermethrin toxicity. Indian J. Anim.. Sci., 77(2): 148-50.
  6. Bergmeyer, H.U. (1974). In: Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, (Vol 3), Academic Press, New York. 727-771 pp.
  7. Bessey, O.A., Lowry, O.H. and Bruck, M.J. (1946) A method for the rapid determination of alkaline phosphatase with five cubic millimeters of serum. J. Biol. Chem., 164: 321-329.
  8. Cantalamessa, F., (1993) Acute toxicity of two pyrethroids: Permethrin and cypermethrin in neonatal and adult rats. Arch. Toxicol.. 67: 510-513.
  9. Colborn, T. (1998). In: Endocrine Disruption from Environmental and Occupational Medicine. (3rd ed). Lippincott-Raven publishers, Philadelphia,
  10. Elbeitha, A., Daas, S. I., Khamas, W and Darmani, H. (2001) Evaluation of toxic potential of cypermethrin pesticide on some reproductive and fertility parameters in the male rats. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol., 41: 522-528.
  11. Hawk, O.S. (1988). Practical Physiological Chemistry, 13th ed, pp 555.
  12. Kaur, S., Dhanju, C.K. (2004) Enzymatic changes induced by some organophosphorous pesticides in female rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 42 : 1017-1019.
  13. King, J. (1965) In: Practical Clinical Enzymology, Van Nostrand, London 87 pp.
  14. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, A.J. (1951) Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem; 193: 265-275.
  15. Manna, S., Bhattacharya, D., Mandal, T.K, Das S. (2004) Repeated dose toxicity of alfa-cypermethrin in rats. J Vet. Sci., 5(3) :241-245.
  16. Manna, S., Bhattacharya, D., Mandal, T.K., Das. (2006) Sub chronic toxicity of alfa-cypermethrin in rats. Indian J. Pharmacol., 5(2): 163-166.
  17. McLachlan J.A. (2001) Environmental signaling: what embryos and evolution teach us about endocrine disrupting chemicals? Endocrinol. Rev., 22: 319-341.
  18. Murray, R.K., Granner, D.K., Mayes, P..A., Rodwell, V.W. (1990) In: Harper’s Biochemistry, (Vol 22) Lange Medical Publication, US. 679-693 pp.
  19. Muthuviveganandavel, V., Muthuraman, P., Muthu, S., Srikumar, K. (2008) A study on low dose cypermethrin induced histopathology, lipid peroxidation and marker enzyme changes in male rat. Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 91: 12-16.
  20. Shakoori ,AR, Ali, SS, Saleem, M.A. (2006) Effects of six months feeding of cypermethrin on blood and liver of albino rats, J. Biochem. Toxicol., 3(1): 59-71.
  21. Srivastava, A., Srivastava, M.K., Raizada, R.B. (2006) Ninety day toxicity and one generation reproduction study in rats exposed to allethrin based LMR, J. Toxicol. Sci., 31(1): 1-7.
  22. Tao, T.Y., Wei, L.Z., Yang, Y., Tao, Z, Zhwo (2008) Affects of alpha and theta cypermethrin insecticide on transient outward potassium current in rat hippocampal CA3 neurons. Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 90: 1-7.
  23. Vijverberg, H.P., Vanden ,B.J. (1990) Neurotoxicological effects and mode of action of pyrethroid pesticides. Critical Rev. Toxicol. 21: 105-126.
  24. Yavasoglu, A., Sayim, F., Cyanikgil, Y., Turgut, M., Yavasoglu, N.U.K. (2006) The pyrethroid cypermethrin induced biochemical and histological alterations in rat liver, J.Health. Sci., 52(6): 774-780.
  25. Zimmerman, H.J. (1969) Serum enzyme determination as an aid to diagonosis, In: Clinical diagnosis by laboratory methods (Davidson I and Henry JB eds), WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia 719 pp.
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    volume 45 issue 3 (september 2011) : 186 - 191

    CYPERMETHRIN INDUCED CHANGES IN BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF PLASMA OF FEMALE ALBINO RATS

    G
    G.K. Sangha
    K
    Kamalpreet Kaur
    1Department of Zoology, College of Basic Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141 004, India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Sangha G.K., Kaur Kamalpreet (2025). CYPERMETHRIN INDUCED CHANGES IN BIOCHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS OF PLASMA OF FEMALE ALBINO RATS. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 45(3): 186 - 191. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    Cypermethrin is a broad spectrum, biodegradable  pyrethroid insecticide, with enhanced stability and considerable low mammalian toxicity. The present investigation was performed to investigate the sub acute effects of cypermethrin in female rats. Cypermethrin was dissolved in vegetable oil and administered orally (50mg/kg body weight daily) to female albino rats  for 15 and 30 days to evaluate the alterations in levels of various plasma constituents and enzymes. Group of rats receiving similar amount of distilled water and vegetable oil served as control rats. Bioconstituents like proteins and creatinine showed significant decrease in plasma after two and four weeks of cypermethrin treatment, however, plasma urea levels initially decreased after two weeks of treatment and then increased significantly after four weeks in treated rats. Activity of enzymes viz; phosphatases (acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (AKP)), transaminases (aspartate  aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT)) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were enhanced in plasma of cypermethrin treated rats as compared to control rats. These changes observed in the levels of various enzymes and proteins, urea and creatinine in plasma could be sensitive index of the toxic effects of pesticide.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abu El-Zahab H S, Amer M M, Awadallh R, Abdellla W E, El-Khyat Z A (1993) Physiological and histopathological studieson long term inhalation of adult albino rats to pyrethroids II- serum protein, enzymes, creatinine and urea nitrogen. J Egypt Ger Soc Zool 11(A): 311-334.
    2. Adeniran, O.Y., Fafunso, M.A., Adagmi, O., Lawal, A.O., Ologundur, A., Omonkhua, A.A., (2006), Biochemical effects of pesticides on sperm and urinological system of rats. J. Appl. Sci., .6(3): 668-672.
    3. Aldana, L.,Ttsutsumi, V., Craigmill, A., Silveira, M.I. and Demejia, E. G. (2001 ) Alpha- tocopherol modulates liver toxicity of the pyrethroid cypermethrin. Toxicol Letters 125: 107-116.
    4. Aldridge, W.N. (1990) An assessment of the toxicological properties of pyrethroids and their neurotoxicity. Critical Rev Toxicol., 21 : 89-104.
    5. Bansal, N., Uppal, V., Roy, K.S., Singh, O. (2007) Histoenzymic observations on the kidneys of rabbits due to cypermethrin toxicity. Indian J. Anim.. Sci., 77(2): 148-50.
    6. Bergmeyer, H.U. (1974). In: Methods of Enzymatic Analysis, (Vol 3), Academic Press, New York. 727-771 pp.
    7. Bessey, O.A., Lowry, O.H. and Bruck, M.J. (1946) A method for the rapid determination of alkaline phosphatase with five cubic millimeters of serum. J. Biol. Chem., 164: 321-329.
    8. Cantalamessa, F., (1993) Acute toxicity of two pyrethroids: Permethrin and cypermethrin in neonatal and adult rats. Arch. Toxicol.. 67: 510-513.
    9. Colborn, T. (1998). In: Endocrine Disruption from Environmental and Occupational Medicine. (3rd ed). Lippincott-Raven publishers, Philadelphia,
    10. Elbeitha, A., Daas, S. I., Khamas, W and Darmani, H. (2001) Evaluation of toxic potential of cypermethrin pesticide on some reproductive and fertility parameters in the male rats. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol., 41: 522-528.
    11. Hawk, O.S. (1988). Practical Physiological Chemistry, 13th ed, pp 555.
    12. Kaur, S., Dhanju, C.K. (2004) Enzymatic changes induced by some organophosphorous pesticides in female rats. Indian J. Exp. Biol., 42 : 1017-1019.
    13. King, J. (1965) In: Practical Clinical Enzymology, Van Nostrand, London 87 pp.
    14. Lowry, O.H., Rosebrough, N.J., Farr, A.L. and Randall, A.J. (1951) Protein measurement with folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem; 193: 265-275.
    15. Manna, S., Bhattacharya, D., Mandal, T.K, Das S. (2004) Repeated dose toxicity of alfa-cypermethrin in rats. J Vet. Sci., 5(3) :241-245.
    16. Manna, S., Bhattacharya, D., Mandal, T.K., Das. (2006) Sub chronic toxicity of alfa-cypermethrin in rats. Indian J. Pharmacol., 5(2): 163-166.
    17. McLachlan J.A. (2001) Environmental signaling: what embryos and evolution teach us about endocrine disrupting chemicals? Endocrinol. Rev., 22: 319-341.
    18. Murray, R.K., Granner, D.K., Mayes, P..A., Rodwell, V.W. (1990) In: Harper’s Biochemistry, (Vol 22) Lange Medical Publication, US. 679-693 pp.
    19. Muthuviveganandavel, V., Muthuraman, P., Muthu, S., Srikumar, K. (2008) A study on low dose cypermethrin induced histopathology, lipid peroxidation and marker enzyme changes in male rat. Pest. Biochem. Physiol., 91: 12-16.
    20. Shakoori ,AR, Ali, SS, Saleem, M.A. (2006) Effects of six months feeding of cypermethrin on blood and liver of albino rats, J. Biochem. Toxicol., 3(1): 59-71.
    21. Srivastava, A., Srivastava, M.K., Raizada, R.B. (2006) Ninety day toxicity and one generation reproduction study in rats exposed to allethrin based LMR, J. Toxicol. Sci., 31(1): 1-7.
    22. Tao, T.Y., Wei, L.Z., Yang, Y., Tao, Z, Zhwo (2008) Affects of alpha and theta cypermethrin insecticide on transient outward potassium current in rat hippocampal CA3 neurons. Pest. Biochem. Physiol. 90: 1-7.
    23. Vijverberg, H.P., Vanden ,B.J. (1990) Neurotoxicological effects and mode of action of pyrethroid pesticides. Critical Rev. Toxicol. 21: 105-126.
    24. Yavasoglu, A., Sayim, F., Cyanikgil, Y., Turgut, M., Yavasoglu, N.U.K. (2006) The pyrethroid cypermethrin induced biochemical and histological alterations in rat liver, J.Health. Sci., 52(6): 774-780.
    25. Zimmerman, H.J. (1969) Serum enzyme determination as an aid to diagonosis, In: Clinical diagnosis by laboratory methods (Davidson I and Henry JB eds), WB Saunders Co, Philadelphia 719 pp.
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