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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 47 issue 5 (october 2013) : 421-425

EXPLORING FIBROUS BYPRODUCTS AS SUBSTRATES TO GENERATE FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES

S
S. Saravanakumar
C
C. Valli
V
V. Balakrishnan
1Department of Animal Nutrition, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai- 600 001, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Saravanakumar S., Valli C., Balakrishnan V. (2025). EXPLORING FIBROUS BYPRODUCTS AS SUBSTRATES TO GENERATE FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 47(5): 421-425. doi: .

ABSTRACT

This research was focused to identify suitable fibrous byproducts to grow Trichoderma viridae and optimize the conditions for the production of fibrolytic enzymes viz. cellulase and xylanase. An experiment was carried out on agro-industrial fibrous byproducts viz, coconut coir pith, saw dust, groundnut shells, paddy husk and sugarcane bagasse to select best substrates for Trichoderma viridae. The selection was based on nine measurements on a score card that gave weightage to parameters such as physical growth of Trichoderma viridae, absence of contamination, spore count on the 10th day, cellulase and xylanase activity of enzyme extract on 10th day. Among the agro-industrial fibrous byproducts paddy husk inoculated at the rate of 106 spores / 5 gram in 10 days of incubation at 30°C at pH 5 and 70 per cent moisture showed good physical growth of Trichoderma viridae, with no contamination, had higher spore count and was the only substrate that evinced activity of cellulase and xylanase.

REFERENCES

  1. Aberkane A.; Cuenca-Estrella M.; Gomez-Lopez A.; Petrikkou E.; Mellado E.; Monzon A. and Rodriguez-Tudela J.L., (2002). Comparative evaluation of two different methods of inoculums preparation for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 50: 719-722.
  2. AOAC.,(1997) Official Method of Analysis of AOAC International, 16th Edn, (Curniff, P.A. Eds). Virginia AOAC Internationl, pp:25-28
  3. AOAC., (2000). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 16th Edn. (Curniff, P.A. Eds).Virginia AOAC International.
  4. Auguiar, C.L., (2001) Biodegradation of the cellulose from sugarcane bagasse by fungal Cellulase. Cienc. Tecnol. Aliment.,2:117-121
  5. Cavalcante, R.S.; Lima, H.L.S.; Pinto, G.A.S.; Gava, C.A.T. and Rodrigues, S., (2007). Effect of moisture on Trichoderma conidia production on corn and wheat bran by solid state fermentation. Food Bioprocess Tech., 1 (1): 100-104.
  6. Hong, L.S.; Ibrahim, D. and Omar, I.C., (2010). Lignocellulolytic materials-as a raw material for the production of fermentable sugars via solid state fermentation. Asian J. Sci. Res., 4: 53-56.
  7. Jackson, A.M. Whipps, J.M. and Lynch, J.M., (1991). Effects of temperature, pH and water potential on growth of four fungi with disease biocontrol potential. World. J. Microbiol.Biotechnol.,7(4):494-501
  8. Kapilan, R. and Arasaratnam, V., (2011). Paddy husk as support for Solid State Fermentation to produce Xylanase from Bacillus pumilus. Rice Sci., 18 (1).
  9. Krishna, C. and Chandrasekaran, M., (1996). Banana waste as substrate for á-amylase production by Bacillus subtilis (CBTK 106) under solid-state fermentation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 46 (2): 106-111.
  10. Manpreet, S.; Sawraj, S.; Sachin, D.; Pankaj, S. and Banerjee, U.C., (2005). Influence of process parameters on the production of metabolites in solid-state fermentation. Malalaysian J. Microbiol., 1 (2): 1-9.
  11. Miller, G.L., (1959). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. chem., 31 (3): 426- 428.
  12. Muniswaran, P.K.A. and Chariyulu, N.C.L.N.,(1994) Solid substrate fermentation of coconut coir pith for cellulose production.Enzyme. Microb. Tech., 16(5):488-440
  13. Ojumu, T.V.; Solomon, B.O.; Betiku, E.; Layokun, S.K. and Amigun, B., (2003). Cellulase Production by Aspergillus flavus Linn Isolate NSPR 101 fermented in sawdust, bagasse and corncob. African J. Biotechnol., 2 (6): 150– 152.
  14. Ooshima, H.; Sakata, M. and Harano, Y., (1983). Adsorption of cellulase from Trichoderma viridae on cellulose. Biotechnol Bioeng., 25 : 3103-3114.
  15. Pang, P.K.; Ibrahim, D.; Pappe, L.; Szackacs, G. and Omar, I.C., (2006). Production of cellulolytic enzymes by a newly isolated, Trichoderma sp. FERL c3-2 via Solid state fermentation grown on sugar cane baggase: Palm Kernel Cake as Substrates. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 9 (8): 1430-1437.
  16. Shafique, S.; Asgher, M.; Sheikh, M.A. and Asad, M.J., (2004). Solid State Fermentation of banana stalk for exoglucanase production. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 6 (3): 488-491.
  17. Sharma, P.D., (1989). Methods in Microbiology and Plant Pathology. Rastogi and Company Meerut, India, pp 33-35.
  18. Sharma K., Mishra, A.K. and Mishra, R.S. (2008), Morphological, Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Trichodermaharzianum Isolates for their Efficacy as Biocontrol Agents. J. Phytopathology,157:51-56.
  19. Singh, O.P. and Gupta, P.K., (2008). Effect of Temperature and pH on biomass production of Trichoderma viride. Ann. Pl. Protec. Sci., 16 (2): 485-547.
  20. Spano, L., Alien, A., Tarssinane, T., Mandels, M. and Ryu, D.D., (1978). Reassessment of economics of Technology for production of ethanol Proceedings in Industrial fuel from biomass symposium. Troy, NewYork. pp. 671-674.
  21. Ustoka, F.I. and Tarib, C., (2007). Solid-state production of polygalacturonase by Aspergillus sojae ATCC 20235. J. Biotechnol., 127 (2): 322-334.
  22. Vyas, A., D. and Vyas, K.M., 2005. Production and optimization of cellulases on pretreated groundnut shell by Aspergillusterreus A V 49. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 64:281-286.
  23. Xia, L. and Cen, P., (1999). Cellulase production by solid state fermentation on Lignocellulosic wastes from the xylose industry. Process Biochem., 34 : 909–912.
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Indian Journal of Animal Research
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    volume 47 issue 5 (october 2013) : 421-425

    EXPLORING FIBROUS BYPRODUCTS AS SUBSTRATES TO GENERATE FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES

    S
    S. Saravanakumar
    C
    C. Valli
    V
    V. Balakrishnan
    1Department of Animal Nutrition, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai- 600 001, India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Saravanakumar S., Valli C., Balakrishnan V. (2025). EXPLORING FIBROUS BYPRODUCTS AS SUBSTRATES TO GENERATE FIBROLYTIC ENZYMES. Indian Journal of Animal Research. 47(5): 421-425. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    This research was focused to identify suitable fibrous byproducts to grow Trichoderma viridae and optimize the conditions for the production of fibrolytic enzymes viz. cellulase and xylanase. An experiment was carried out on agro-industrial fibrous byproducts viz, coconut coir pith, saw dust, groundnut shells, paddy husk and sugarcane bagasse to select best substrates for Trichoderma viridae. The selection was based on nine measurements on a score card that gave weightage to parameters such as physical growth of Trichoderma viridae, absence of contamination, spore count on the 10th day, cellulase and xylanase activity of enzyme extract on 10th day. Among the agro-industrial fibrous byproducts paddy husk inoculated at the rate of 106 spores / 5 gram in 10 days of incubation at 30°C at pH 5 and 70 per cent moisture showed good physical growth of Trichoderma viridae, with no contamination, had higher spore count and was the only substrate that evinced activity of cellulase and xylanase.

    REFERENCES

    1. Aberkane A.; Cuenca-Estrella M.; Gomez-Lopez A.; Petrikkou E.; Mellado E.; Monzon A. and Rodriguez-Tudela J.L., (2002). Comparative evaluation of two different methods of inoculums preparation for antifungal susceptibility testing of filamentous fungi. J. Antimicrob. Chemother., 50: 719-722.
    2. AOAC.,(1997) Official Method of Analysis of AOAC International, 16th Edn, (Curniff, P.A. Eds). Virginia AOAC Internationl, pp:25-28
    3. AOAC., (2000). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International, 16th Edn. (Curniff, P.A. Eds).Virginia AOAC International.
    4. Auguiar, C.L., (2001) Biodegradation of the cellulose from sugarcane bagasse by fungal Cellulase. Cienc. Tecnol. Aliment.,2:117-121
    5. Cavalcante, R.S.; Lima, H.L.S.; Pinto, G.A.S.; Gava, C.A.T. and Rodrigues, S., (2007). Effect of moisture on Trichoderma conidia production on corn and wheat bran by solid state fermentation. Food Bioprocess Tech., 1 (1): 100-104.
    6. Hong, L.S.; Ibrahim, D. and Omar, I.C., (2010). Lignocellulolytic materials-as a raw material for the production of fermentable sugars via solid state fermentation. Asian J. Sci. Res., 4: 53-56.
    7. Jackson, A.M. Whipps, J.M. and Lynch, J.M., (1991). Effects of temperature, pH and water potential on growth of four fungi with disease biocontrol potential. World. J. Microbiol.Biotechnol.,7(4):494-501
    8. Kapilan, R. and Arasaratnam, V., (2011). Paddy husk as support for Solid State Fermentation to produce Xylanase from Bacillus pumilus. Rice Sci., 18 (1).
    9. Krishna, C. and Chandrasekaran, M., (1996). Banana waste as substrate for á-amylase production by Bacillus subtilis (CBTK 106) under solid-state fermentation. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 46 (2): 106-111.
    10. Manpreet, S.; Sawraj, S.; Sachin, D.; Pankaj, S. and Banerjee, U.C., (2005). Influence of process parameters on the production of metabolites in solid-state fermentation. Malalaysian J. Microbiol., 1 (2): 1-9.
    11. Miller, G.L., (1959). Use of dinitrosalicylic acid reagent for determination of reducing sugar. Anal. chem., 31 (3): 426- 428.
    12. Muniswaran, P.K.A. and Chariyulu, N.C.L.N.,(1994) Solid substrate fermentation of coconut coir pith for cellulose production.Enzyme. Microb. Tech., 16(5):488-440
    13. Ojumu, T.V.; Solomon, B.O.; Betiku, E.; Layokun, S.K. and Amigun, B., (2003). Cellulase Production by Aspergillus flavus Linn Isolate NSPR 101 fermented in sawdust, bagasse and corncob. African J. Biotechnol., 2 (6): 150– 152.
    14. Ooshima, H.; Sakata, M. and Harano, Y., (1983). Adsorption of cellulase from Trichoderma viridae on cellulose. Biotechnol Bioeng., 25 : 3103-3114.
    15. Pang, P.K.; Ibrahim, D.; Pappe, L.; Szackacs, G. and Omar, I.C., (2006). Production of cellulolytic enzymes by a newly isolated, Trichoderma sp. FERL c3-2 via Solid state fermentation grown on sugar cane baggase: Palm Kernel Cake as Substrates. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 9 (8): 1430-1437.
    16. Shafique, S.; Asgher, M.; Sheikh, M.A. and Asad, M.J., (2004). Solid State Fermentation of banana stalk for exoglucanase production. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 6 (3): 488-491.
    17. Sharma, P.D., (1989). Methods in Microbiology and Plant Pathology. Rastogi and Company Meerut, India, pp 33-35.
    18. Sharma K., Mishra, A.K. and Mishra, R.S. (2008), Morphological, Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of Trichodermaharzianum Isolates for their Efficacy as Biocontrol Agents. J. Phytopathology,157:51-56.
    19. Singh, O.P. and Gupta, P.K., (2008). Effect of Temperature and pH on biomass production of Trichoderma viride. Ann. Pl. Protec. Sci., 16 (2): 485-547.
    20. Spano, L., Alien, A., Tarssinane, T., Mandels, M. and Ryu, D.D., (1978). Reassessment of economics of Technology for production of ethanol Proceedings in Industrial fuel from biomass symposium. Troy, NewYork. pp. 671-674.
    21. Ustoka, F.I. and Tarib, C., (2007). Solid-state production of polygalacturonase by Aspergillus sojae ATCC 20235. J. Biotechnol., 127 (2): 322-334.
    22. Vyas, A., D. and Vyas, K.M., 2005. Production and optimization of cellulases on pretreated groundnut shell by Aspergillusterreus A V 49. J. Sci. Ind. Res., 64:281-286.
    23. Xia, L. and Cen, P., (1999). Cellulase production by solid state fermentation on Lignocellulosic wastes from the xylose industry. Process Biochem., 34 : 909–912.
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