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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Review Article

volume 37 issue 3 (september 2022) : 241-244,   Doi: 10.18805/BKAP594

​Lumpy Skin Disease: Emerging Concern for Livestock Owners: A Review

A
Aakriti Pathania
A
Adarsh Mishra
Y
Yashpal Singh Malik
1College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.

  • Submitted19-09-2022|

  • Accepted22-09-2022|

  • First Online 06-10-2022|

  • doi 10.18805/BKAP594

Cite article:- Pathania Aakriti, Mishra Adarsh, Malik Singh Yashpal (2022). ​Lumpy Skin Disease: Emerging Concern for Livestock Owners: A Review. Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika. 37(3): 241-244. doi: 10.18805/BKAP594.

ABSTRACT

Lumpy skin disease is a transboundary viral disease that affects cattle and buffaloes. It is caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) of genus Capripoxvirus and Poxviridae family. It is now spreading in a rapid pace in many countries especially in South Asia. The primarily noticeable symptoms of the disease include a lump like formation on the outer skin and mucosal membrane of buffaloes and cattle. It is an arthropod vector borne disease. LSD causes high morbidity and low to moderate mortality in the affected herd. It also often causes abortion in pregnant animal and infertility in male. Milk production is also reduced in affected milch animals. Strict quarantine, control of vector population and vaccination are some of the effective precautionary measures to control the ailment. Present mini-review highlighted various risk factors, transmission, clinical signs as well as precautionary measures to control LSD.

REFERENCES


  1. Abutarbush, S. (2016). Adverse reactions to field vaccination against lumpy skin disease in cattle. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 45: 164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid. 2016.02.390.

  2. Al-Salihi, K. and Hassan, I. (2015). Lumpy skin disease in Iraq: Study of the disease emergence. Transboundary and Emergering Disease. 62(5): 457-462.

  3. Annandale, C.H., Holm, D.E., Ebersohn, K. and Venter, E.H. (2014). Seminal transmission of lumpy skin disease virus in heifers. Transboundary and Emergering Disease. 61: 443-448.

  4. Badhy, S.C., Chowdhury, M.G.A., Settypalli, T.B.K., Cattoli, G., Lamien, C.E., Fakir, M.A.U., Akter, S., Osmani, M.G., Talukdar, F., Begum, N., Khan, I.A., Rashid, M.B. and Sadekuzzaman, M. (2021). Molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) emerged in Bangladesh reveals unique genetic features compared to contemporary field strains. BMC Veterinary Research. 17: 61. DOI: 10.1186/s12917- 021-02751-x.

  5. CFSPH. (2003-2017). Lumpy skin disease. The Center for Food Security and Public Health. Pp: 1-5.

  6. EFSA, Calistri, De, P., Clercq, K., Gubbins, S., Klement, E., Stegeman, A., Cortiñas, Abrahantes, J., Marojevic, D., Eleni, Antoniou, S. and Broglia, A. (2020). Lumpy skin disease epidemiological report IV: Data collection and analysis. EFSA Journal. 18(2): 6010.

  7. Greth, A., Gourreau, J.M., Vassart, M., Nguyen-Ba-Vy., Wyers, M. and Lefevre, P.C. (1992). Capripoxvirus disease in an Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Wildlife Disease. 28(2): 295-300.

  8. Gupta, T., Patial, V., Bali, D., Angaria, S., Sharma, M. and Chahota, R. (2020). A review: Lumpy skin disease and its emergence in India. Veterinary Research Communication. 44(3-4): 111-118.

  9. Irons, P.C., Tuppurainen, E.S. and Venter, E.H. (2005). Excretion of lumpy skin disease virus in bull semen. Theriogenology. 63: 1290-1297.

  10. Lubinga, J., Tuppurainen, E., Mahlare, R., Coetzer, J., Stoltsz, W.H. and Venter, E.H. (2013). Evidence of transstadial and mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by Amblyomma hebraeum ticks. Transboundary and Emergering  Disease. 62: 174-182. 

  11. OIE. (2021). Lumpy Skin Disease. In: OIE Terrestrial Manual. Chapter 3.4.12, pp: 1-13.

  12. Rouby, S. and Aboulsoud, E. (2016). Evidence of intrauterine transmission of lumpy skin disease virus. The Veterinary Journal. 209: 193-195. 

  13. Sohier, C., Haegeman, A., Mostin, L., De, Leeuw, I., Campe, W.V., De, Vleeschauwer, A., Tuppurainen, E.S.M., van, den, Berg, T., De, Regge, N. and De, Clercq, K. (2019). Experimental evidence of mechanical lumpy skin disease virus transmission by Stomoxyscalcitrans biting flies and Haematopota spp. horseflies. Scitific Reports. 9: 20076.

  14. Sudhakar, S.B., Mishra, N., Kalaiyarasu, S., Jhade, S.K., Hemadri, D., Sood, R., Bal, G.C., Nayak, M.K., Pradhan, S.K. and Singh, V.P. (2020). Lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks in cattle in Odisha state, India in August 2019: Epidemiological features and molecular studies. Transboundary and Emergering Disease. 67(6): 2408-2422.

  15. Tuppurainen, E., Alexandrov, T. and Beltran-Alcrudo, D. (2017). Lumpy skin disease field manual-A manual for veterinarians. FAO animal production and health manual No. 20. Rome. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 60 pages.
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    Review Article

    volume 37 issue 3 (september 2022) : 241-244,   Doi: 10.18805/BKAP594

    ​Lumpy Skin Disease: Emerging Concern for Livestock Owners: A Review

    A
    Aakriti Pathania
    A
    Adarsh Mishra
    Y
    Yashpal Singh Malik
    1College of Animal Biotechnology, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana-141 004, Punjab, India.

    • Submitted19-09-2022|

    • Accepted22-09-2022|

    • First Online 06-10-2022|

    • doi 10.18805/BKAP594

    Cite article:- Pathania Aakriti, Mishra Adarsh, Malik Singh Yashpal (2022). ​Lumpy Skin Disease: Emerging Concern for Livestock Owners: A Review. Bhartiya Krishi Anusandhan Patrika. 37(3): 241-244. doi: 10.18805/BKAP594.

    ABSTRACT

    Lumpy skin disease is a transboundary viral disease that affects cattle and buffaloes. It is caused by lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) of genus Capripoxvirus and Poxviridae family. It is now spreading in a rapid pace in many countries especially in South Asia. The primarily noticeable symptoms of the disease include a lump like formation on the outer skin and mucosal membrane of buffaloes and cattle. It is an arthropod vector borne disease. LSD causes high morbidity and low to moderate mortality in the affected herd. It also often causes abortion in pregnant animal and infertility in male. Milk production is also reduced in affected milch animals. Strict quarantine, control of vector population and vaccination are some of the effective precautionary measures to control the ailment. Present mini-review highlighted various risk factors, transmission, clinical signs as well as precautionary measures to control LSD.

    REFERENCES


    1. Abutarbush, S. (2016). Adverse reactions to field vaccination against lumpy skin disease in cattle. International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 45: 164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid. 2016.02.390.

    2. Al-Salihi, K. and Hassan, I. (2015). Lumpy skin disease in Iraq: Study of the disease emergence. Transboundary and Emergering Disease. 62(5): 457-462.

    3. Annandale, C.H., Holm, D.E., Ebersohn, K. and Venter, E.H. (2014). Seminal transmission of lumpy skin disease virus in heifers. Transboundary and Emergering Disease. 61: 443-448.

    4. Badhy, S.C., Chowdhury, M.G.A., Settypalli, T.B.K., Cattoli, G., Lamien, C.E., Fakir, M.A.U., Akter, S., Osmani, M.G., Talukdar, F., Begum, N., Khan, I.A., Rashid, M.B. and Sadekuzzaman, M. (2021). Molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) emerged in Bangladesh reveals unique genetic features compared to contemporary field strains. BMC Veterinary Research. 17: 61. DOI: 10.1186/s12917- 021-02751-x.

    5. CFSPH. (2003-2017). Lumpy skin disease. The Center for Food Security and Public Health. Pp: 1-5.

    6. EFSA, Calistri, De, P., Clercq, K., Gubbins, S., Klement, E., Stegeman, A., Cortiñas, Abrahantes, J., Marojevic, D., Eleni, Antoniou, S. and Broglia, A. (2020). Lumpy skin disease epidemiological report IV: Data collection and analysis. EFSA Journal. 18(2): 6010.

    7. Greth, A., Gourreau, J.M., Vassart, M., Nguyen-Ba-Vy., Wyers, M. and Lefevre, P.C. (1992). Capripoxvirus disease in an Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) from Saudi Arabia. Journal of Wildlife Disease. 28(2): 295-300.

    8. Gupta, T., Patial, V., Bali, D., Angaria, S., Sharma, M. and Chahota, R. (2020). A review: Lumpy skin disease and its emergence in India. Veterinary Research Communication. 44(3-4): 111-118.

    9. Irons, P.C., Tuppurainen, E.S. and Venter, E.H. (2005). Excretion of lumpy skin disease virus in bull semen. Theriogenology. 63: 1290-1297.

    10. Lubinga, J., Tuppurainen, E., Mahlare, R., Coetzer, J., Stoltsz, W.H. and Venter, E.H. (2013). Evidence of transstadial and mechanical transmission of lumpy skin disease virus by Amblyomma hebraeum ticks. Transboundary and Emergering  Disease. 62: 174-182. 

    11. OIE. (2021). Lumpy Skin Disease. In: OIE Terrestrial Manual. Chapter 3.4.12, pp: 1-13.

    12. Rouby, S. and Aboulsoud, E. (2016). Evidence of intrauterine transmission of lumpy skin disease virus. The Veterinary Journal. 209: 193-195. 

    13. Sohier, C., Haegeman, A., Mostin, L., De, Leeuw, I., Campe, W.V., De, Vleeschauwer, A., Tuppurainen, E.S.M., van, den, Berg, T., De, Regge, N. and De, Clercq, K. (2019). Experimental evidence of mechanical lumpy skin disease virus transmission by Stomoxyscalcitrans biting flies and Haematopota spp. horseflies. Scitific Reports. 9: 20076.

    14. Sudhakar, S.B., Mishra, N., Kalaiyarasu, S., Jhade, S.K., Hemadri, D., Sood, R., Bal, G.C., Nayak, M.K., Pradhan, S.K. and Singh, V.P. (2020). Lumpy skin disease (LSD) outbreaks in cattle in Odisha state, India in August 2019: Epidemiological features and molecular studies. Transboundary and Emergering Disease. 67(6): 2408-2422.

    15. Tuppurainen, E., Alexandrov, T. and Beltran-Alcrudo, D. (2017). Lumpy skin disease field manual-A manual for veterinarians. FAO animal production and health manual No. 20. Rome. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). 60 pages.
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