Characterization of Annona Genotypes by ISSR and SSR Markers

ABSTRACT

Background: Annona spp. are one of the underutilized fruit crop having great commercial and medicinal value and large diversity present in Maharashtra which is untapped. The present study conducted to characterize the Annona genotypes by ISSR and SSR markers for future germplasm conservation and crop improvement programme.
Methods: Ninety genotypes were collected from various regions of Maharashtra. These ninety genotypes and eleven varieties from All India Coordinated Research Project on Arid Zone Fruits, MPKV, Rahuri were screened for morphological and biochemical characters. After morphological and biochemical characterization twenty-two superior genotypes were characterized using ISSR and SSR markers.
Result: Among the 29 ISSR primers used, 20 were found polymorphic which produced a total of 171 reproducible amplicons, in which 109 amplicons (75.43%) were polymorphic. In 20 SSR primers used, 14 primers were found polymorphic which produced a total of 43 reproducible amplicons, in which 36 amplicons (83.72%) were polymorphic. Twenty unique amplicons produced by ISSR primer and eight unique amplicons produced by SSR in studied genotypes is useful in genotype/variety identification in future crop improvement. The dendogram generated based on UPGMA method of cluster analysis using ISSR and SSR marker data revealed little different but similar grouping of genotypes into two major clusters viz., cluster A and cluster B. The UPGMA based cluster analysis using dice similarity coefficient grouped Annona genotypes into two major clusters which differentiate squamosa and atemoya species. The distribution of the genotypes in the dendogram was mostly consistent with the known pedigree information, geographical locations and the morphological attributes. Genotypes collected from Purandar, Sawargaon, Pemgiri and Ajanta districts of Maharashtra formed cluster as per geographic collection. The close relationship across genotypes might be explained by either historical relationship to sharing common ancestor or more likely geographical proximity and large population size which favour genetic interchange. This low genetic difference among genotypes suggests that there was more gene flow through random mating without barrier within agro-ecological zones. ISSR and SSR markers gives direction in characterization of Annona genotypes but more areas need to be survey and explore for tapping genetic diversity to widen the gene pool. The screened material found superior need to be prioritized in terms of in-situ and ex-situ conservation for further evaluation and crop improvement.

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Characterization of Annona Genotypes by ISSR and SSR Markers

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