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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

Research Article

volume 41 issue 1 (march 2020) : 79-84,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.R-122

Breeding for Yield, Quality and Associated Traits in the Zimbabwean Flue-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.): A Review

J
Justify Gotami Shava
S
Susan Richardson-Kageler
S
Shorai Dari
F
Frank Magama
D
Dzingai Rukuni
1Tobacco Research Board, Airport Ring Road, P O Box 1909, Harare, Zimbabwe. 
Cite article:- Shava Gotami Justify, Richardson-Kageler Susan, Dari Shorai, Magama Frank, Rukuni Dzingai (2020). Breeding for Yield, Quality and Associated Traits in the Zimbabwean Flue-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.): A Review. Agricultural Reviews. 41(1): 79-84. doi: 10.18805/ag.R-122.

ABSTRACT

Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) has grown to become a major cash crop and foreign currency earner in Zimbabwe.  The crop’s popularity in the country is dependent on the climatic and soil conditions that promote the production of flavour style cures which are well sought after by the majority of tobacco merchants and cigarette manufacturers across the world.  The success story of tobacco farming in Zimbabwe is mainly attributed to the presence of an organised research system in the form of the Tobacco Research Board (TRB) that includes a dedicated division in the research unit specialising in variety development and promotion. Improvement in yield and quality of the cured leaf has are the main objectives of flue –cured tobacco breeders.  Since the beginning of research in flue cured tobacco production in Zimbabwe, a lot of effort has been dedicated to improving these and other associated traits.  This review paper traces the process of breeding for improvement in yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco in Zimbabwe.  It shows the methods employed and identifies some of the potential sources of genes for use in improvement in flue-cured tobacco yield and quality in present and future breeding work. 

REFERENCES

  1. Bolton, A. (1952). Investigations on interspecific hybrids in Nicotiana. Tobacco Research Board of Southern Rhodesia Annual Report: 1951-1952.
  2. Burk, L.C. and Matzinger, D.F. (1976). Journal of Heredity. 67: 381-    384.
  3. Clayton E.E. (1950). Male sterile tobacco. Journal of Heredity. 41(7): 171-175.
  4. Gami, R.A. and Chauhan R.M. (2013). Heterosis and Combining Ability Analysis for Seed Yield and its Attributes in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]. Indian J. Agric. Res. 47(6): 535 – 539.
  5. Gildenhuys, P.J. (1952). Heterosis in tobacco. Tobacco Research Board of Southern Rhodesia Annual Report: 1951-1952.
  6. Gildenhuys, P.J. (1953). Variety improvement – Breeding for high yield. Tobacco Research Board of Southern Rhodesia Annual Report: 1952-1953.
  7. Hasan, M.T. and Deb A.C. (2013). Inheritance study of flower color in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Indian J. Agric. Res. 47(5): 445 – 448.
  8. Mbanga, T. (1991). Tobacco: A Century of Gold. ZIL Publications (Pvt) Ltd.
  9. Raeber, J.G. and Schweppenhauser, M.A. (1964). Preliminary variety test. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1963-64.
  10. Raeber, J.G. and Schweppenhauser, M.A. (1965). Agronomic evaluation of white mould resistant breeding lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1964-65.
  11. Raeber, J.G. and Schweppenhauser, M.A. (1967). Variety trials. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1966-67.
  12. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1971a). Limited release and smoking tests on SCR and Kutsaga 51B. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1970-71.
  13. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1971b). Variety Trials. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1970-71.
  14. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1971c). Agronomic trial of mammoth type lines with wildfire and TMV resistance. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1970-71.
  15. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1973). Co-operative trials of mammoth strains. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1972-73.
  16. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1974). Inheritance of tolerance to Alternaria in tobacco. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1973-74.
  17. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1975). Breeding for resistance to Alternaria. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1974-75.
  18. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976a). Agronomic trial of Alternaria and white mould resistant lines–Trial 1. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
  19. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976b). Agronomic trial wildfire, TMV and white mould resistant breeding lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
  20. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976c). High nicotine trial 2. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
  21. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976d). Uniformity trial of Kutsaga E1 dihaploids (Kutsaga). Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
  22. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1977). Co-operative variety trials on white mould, wildfire and TMV resistant lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1976-77.
  23. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1978). Agronomic trial of Alternaria resistant narrow leaf lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1977-78.
  24. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1979a). Breeding pale yellow lines from Carrillos 69. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1978-79.
  25. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1979b). Droughted cultivar trial. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1978-79.
  26. Raeber, J.G. And Smeeton, B. (1984). Co-operative cultivar trials of standard and mammoth cultivars/lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1983-84.
  27. Shava, J.G., Richardson-Kageler, S., Dari, S. Magama F. and Rukuni, D (2019). Breeding for flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) foliar pest and disease resistance in Zimbabwe: A Review. Agri Revs. 40(2): 108-112.
  28. Tanser, G.H. (1991). A History of the Tobacco Research Board “The First 25 Years”. Zimbabwe Agricultural Journal Technical Handbook No. 7. Modern Farming Publications.
  29. Tobacco Research Board. (1998). Annual Report.
  30. Tobacco Research Board (1999). Annual Report.
  31. Tobacco Research Board. (1996). Annual Report.
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    Research Article

    volume 41 issue 1 (march 2020) : 79-84,   Doi: 10.18805/ag.R-122

    Breeding for Yield, Quality and Associated Traits in the Zimbabwean Flue-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.): A Review

    J
    Justify Gotami Shava
    S
    Susan Richardson-Kageler
    S
    Shorai Dari
    F
    Frank Magama
    D
    Dzingai Rukuni
    1Tobacco Research Board, Airport Ring Road, P O Box 1909, Harare, Zimbabwe. 
    Cite article:- Shava Gotami Justify, Richardson-Kageler Susan, Dari Shorai, Magama Frank, Rukuni Dzingai (2020). Breeding for Yield, Quality and Associated Traits in the Zimbabwean Flue-Cured Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.): A Review. Agricultural Reviews. 41(1): 79-84. doi: 10.18805/ag.R-122.

    ABSTRACT

    Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) has grown to become a major cash crop and foreign currency earner in Zimbabwe.  The crop’s popularity in the country is dependent on the climatic and soil conditions that promote the production of flavour style cures which are well sought after by the majority of tobacco merchants and cigarette manufacturers across the world.  The success story of tobacco farming in Zimbabwe is mainly attributed to the presence of an organised research system in the form of the Tobacco Research Board (TRB) that includes a dedicated division in the research unit specialising in variety development and promotion. Improvement in yield and quality of the cured leaf has are the main objectives of flue –cured tobacco breeders.  Since the beginning of research in flue cured tobacco production in Zimbabwe, a lot of effort has been dedicated to improving these and other associated traits.  This review paper traces the process of breeding for improvement in yield and quality in flue-cured tobacco in Zimbabwe.  It shows the methods employed and identifies some of the potential sources of genes for use in improvement in flue-cured tobacco yield and quality in present and future breeding work. 

    REFERENCES

    1. Bolton, A. (1952). Investigations on interspecific hybrids in Nicotiana. Tobacco Research Board of Southern Rhodesia Annual Report: 1951-1952.
    2. Burk, L.C. and Matzinger, D.F. (1976). Journal of Heredity. 67: 381-    384.
    3. Clayton E.E. (1950). Male sterile tobacco. Journal of Heredity. 41(7): 171-175.
    4. Gami, R.A. and Chauhan R.M. (2013). Heterosis and Combining Ability Analysis for Seed Yield and its Attributes in Indian Mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]. Indian J. Agric. Res. 47(6): 535 – 539.
    5. Gildenhuys, P.J. (1952). Heterosis in tobacco. Tobacco Research Board of Southern Rhodesia Annual Report: 1951-1952.
    6. Gildenhuys, P.J. (1953). Variety improvement – Breeding for high yield. Tobacco Research Board of Southern Rhodesia Annual Report: 1952-1953.
    7. Hasan, M.T. and Deb A.C. (2013). Inheritance study of flower color in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Indian J. Agric. Res. 47(5): 445 – 448.
    8. Mbanga, T. (1991). Tobacco: A Century of Gold. ZIL Publications (Pvt) Ltd.
    9. Raeber, J.G. and Schweppenhauser, M.A. (1964). Preliminary variety test. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1963-64.
    10. Raeber, J.G. and Schweppenhauser, M.A. (1965). Agronomic evaluation of white mould resistant breeding lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1964-65.
    11. Raeber, J.G. and Schweppenhauser, M.A. (1967). Variety trials. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1966-67.
    12. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1971a). Limited release and smoking tests on SCR and Kutsaga 51B. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1970-71.
    13. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1971b). Variety Trials. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1970-71.
    14. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1971c). Agronomic trial of mammoth type lines with wildfire and TMV resistance. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1970-71.
    15. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1973). Co-operative trials of mammoth strains. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1972-73.
    16. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1974). Inheritance of tolerance to Alternaria in tobacco. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1973-74.
    17. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1975). Breeding for resistance to Alternaria. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1974-75.
    18. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976a). Agronomic trial of Alternaria and white mould resistant lines–Trial 1. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
    19. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976b). Agronomic trial wildfire, TMV and white mould resistant breeding lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
    20. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976c). High nicotine trial 2. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
    21. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1976d). Uniformity trial of Kutsaga E1 dihaploids (Kutsaga). Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1975-76.
    22. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1977). Co-operative variety trials on white mould, wildfire and TMV resistant lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1976-77.
    23. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1978). Agronomic trial of Alternaria resistant narrow leaf lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1977-78.
    24. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1979a). Breeding pale yellow lines from Carrillos 69. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1978-79.
    25. Raeber, J.G. and Smeeton, B. (1979b). Droughted cultivar trial. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1978-79.
    26. Raeber, J.G. And Smeeton, B. (1984). Co-operative cultivar trials of standard and mammoth cultivars/lines. Tobacco Research Board, Annual Report: 1983-84.
    27. Shava, J.G., Richardson-Kageler, S., Dari, S. Magama F. and Rukuni, D (2019). Breeding for flue-cured tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) foliar pest and disease resistance in Zimbabwe: A Review. Agri Revs. 40(2): 108-112.
    28. Tanser, G.H. (1991). A History of the Tobacco Research Board “The First 25 Years”. Zimbabwe Agricultural Journal Technical Handbook No. 7. Modern Farming Publications.
    29. Tobacco Research Board. (1998). Annual Report.
    30. Tobacco Research Board (1999). Annual Report.
    31. Tobacco Research Board. (1996). Annual Report.
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