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volume 33 issue 2 (june 2012) : 175 - 178

WEEDY RICE AND ITS MANAGEMENT - A REVIEW

K
K. Ramachandiran
R
R. Balasubramanian
1 Department of Agronomy, Agriculture College and Research Institute, TNAU, Madurai-625 001, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Ramachandiran K., Balasubramanian R. (2025). WEEDY RICE AND ITS MANAGEMENT - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 33(2): 175 - 178. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Weedy rice is a complex of Oryza morphotypes widely distributed in areas where farmers have switched to direct seeded rice.  It is progeny of crosses between wild rice and cultivated rice.  The major characteristics are taller plants, easy shattering, grains having awns and high percentage of red rice in milled rice. Weedy rice competes with cultivated rice for sunlight, space, water and nutrients resulting in reduction in rice yield.  It is difficult to be managed because of its morphological similarities with cultivated rice.  Best methods for preventing the infestation of weedy rice are use of clean seed, use of pre germinated seed, stale bed preparation, roguing, crop rotation, application of pre emergence herbicides and Integrated Weed Management (IWM).  Recently, biotechnology approach using genetically modified herbicide tolerant rice varieties may be an efficient strategy.

REFERENCES

  1. Abdullah, M.Z., Vaughan, D.A., Watanabe, H. and Okuno, K. (1996). The origin of weedy rice in Peninsular Malaysia. MARDI Res. J. 24(2):169-174.
  2. Abraham, C.T., Girija T. and Nimmy, J. (2010). Current status of weedy rice in India and strategies for its management, DWSRC, KAU, Thrissur, Kerala, Recent Advances in weed Science Research – 2010. p.13.
  3. Azim, M. (2010). Imidazolinone tolerant rice- A solution for weedy rice problems in Malaysia. Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society, News Letter, 3: 1.
  4. Azmi, M., Watanabe, H., Abdullah, M.Z. and Zainal, A.H. (1994). Padi angin, an emerging threat to direct-seeded rice. In: Proceedings of the Malaysian Congress of Science and Technology. Kuala Lumpur: Confederation of Scientific and Technological Association in Malaysia. P. 29-36.
  5. Bakar, B.B., Bakar M.A. and Man A.B. (2000). Weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Peninsular Malaysia. Weedy rice Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI. p. 51-54.
  6. Baltazar, A.M., and Joel, D. Janiya, (2000). Weedy rice in the Philippines. University of the Philippines Los Baæos, Philippines. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.p.75-78.
  7. Chin, D.V. (1997). Occurrence of weedy rice in Vietnam. In: Proceedings of the 16th Asia-Pacific Weed Science Conference. Malaysia: Asia-Pacific Weed Science Society. p. 243-245.
  8. Choi, C.D., Moon, B.C., Kim, S.C. and Oh, Y.J. (1995). Ecology and growth of weeds and weedy rice in direct-seeded rice fields. Korean J. Weed Sci. 15:39-45.
  9. Duong Van Chin, Tran Cong Thien, Huynh Hong Bi and Nguyen Thi Nhiem, (2007). Study on weed and weedy rice control by imidazolinone herbicides in Clearfield paddy grown by imi- tolerance indica rice variety. cuu long delta rice research institute, can tho, vietnam. Omonrice 15: 63-67.
  10. Fischer, A.J. and Ramirez, A. (1993). Red rice (O. sativa): competition studies for management decisions. Int. J. Pest Manage. 39:133-138.
  11. Giglioli, E.G. (1956). Red rice investigations (1951-1956). Mahaicony-Abary Rice Development Scheme. Georgetown (Guyana): British Guiana Rice Develop- ment Co. Ltd.
  12. Girija, T., V.E. Rajeev and C.T. Abraham, (2010). Variability in the morphologic characters of weedy rices of Kerala, DWSRC, KAU, Thrissur, Kerala, Recent Advances in weed Science Research – 2010. p.79.
  13. Gupta, S.R. and Upadhyay. M.P. (2000). Wild and weedy rice in the Nepalese ecosystem. Agriculture Botany Division, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI. p.37-40.
  14. Guzman MP. (1996). Germination, life cycle and gross morphology of two types of weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.). BS thesis, Visayas Stage College of Agriculture, Leyte, Philippines. p.46.
  15. Kuk, Y.I., Guh, J.O. and Chon, S.U. (1997). Difference of classifica- tion, growth and herbicidal tolerance in collected weedy rice. Korean J. Weed Sci. 17:31-43.
  16. Lo, N.P. (1994). Chemical control of padi angin. Paper presented at the Padi angin Workshop, 18 May 1994, Malaysian Agrl. Research and Development Institute, Seberang Perai. p.4.
  17. Morishima, H., Shimamoto, Y., Sato, T., Yamagishi, H. and Sato, Y.I. (1991). Observations of wild and cultivated rices in Bhutan, Bangladesh and Thailand. Report of study tours in 1989-1990. Mishima (Japan): National Institute of Genetics. p.73.
  18. Pandey, S., Mortimer A.M. and Piggin. C. (2000). An economic framework for optimal management of weedy rice on Asian rice farms. IRRI, Metro Manila, Philippines. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.107-118.
  19. Platino, N.D. (1996). Survey and characterization of different types of weedy rice in Baybay, Leyte. BS thesis, Visayas Stage College of Agriculture, Baybay, Leyte. p.35.
  20. Suh, H.S., Back, J.H. and Ha, W.G. (1997). Weedy rice occurrence and position in transplanted and directseeded farmer’s fields. Korean J. Crop Sci. 42:352-356.
  21. Vencill, W.K. (2002). Herbicide Handbook. 8th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Sci. Soi. Am. p - 493.
  22. Vo Mai, Ho Van Chien, Vo Van A, Vo Thi, Thu Suong and Le Van Thiet. (2000). Rice seed contamination in Vietnam. Plant Protection Department of South Vietnam., Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.p.17-20.
  23. Vongsaroj, P. (2000). Wild and weedy rice in Thailand. Weed and Agronomy Division, Dept. of Agriculture, Bangkok, Thailand. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.p. 55-57.
  24. Watanabe, H. (1995). Weedy rice problems in Southeast Asia and control strategy. In: Proceedings of the 15th APWSSC. Tokyo: Asian Pacific Weed Sci. Soi. p. 68-80.
  25. Watanabe, H., Azmi, M. and Zuki Md I. (1996). Ecology of major weeds and their control in direct-seeded rice culture of Malaysia. MARDI/MADA/JIRCAS Collaborative Study (1992-96). Serdang (Malaysia): Malaysian Agrl. Research and Development Institute. p. 202.
  26. Watanabe, H., D.A. Vaughan, and N. Tomooka. (2000). Weedy rice complexes: case studies from Malaysia, Vietnam, and Surinam. Tohoku National Agricultural Experimental Station, Omagari, Akita , Japan. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI. p .25-34.
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    volume 33 issue 2 (june 2012) : 175 - 178

    WEEDY RICE AND ITS MANAGEMENT - A REVIEW

    K
    K. Ramachandiran
    R
    R. Balasubramanian
    1 Department of Agronomy, Agriculture College and Research Institute, TNAU, Madurai-625 001, India

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Ramachandiran K., Balasubramanian R. (2025). WEEDY RICE AND ITS MANAGEMENT - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 33(2): 175 - 178. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    Weedy rice is a complex of Oryza morphotypes widely distributed in areas where farmers have switched to direct seeded rice.  It is progeny of crosses between wild rice and cultivated rice.  The major characteristics are taller plants, easy shattering, grains having awns and high percentage of red rice in milled rice. Weedy rice competes with cultivated rice for sunlight, space, water and nutrients resulting in reduction in rice yield.  It is difficult to be managed because of its morphological similarities with cultivated rice.  Best methods for preventing the infestation of weedy rice are use of clean seed, use of pre germinated seed, stale bed preparation, roguing, crop rotation, application of pre emergence herbicides and Integrated Weed Management (IWM).  Recently, biotechnology approach using genetically modified herbicide tolerant rice varieties may be an efficient strategy.

    REFERENCES

    1. Abdullah, M.Z., Vaughan, D.A., Watanabe, H. and Okuno, K. (1996). The origin of weedy rice in Peninsular Malaysia. MARDI Res. J. 24(2):169-174.
    2. Abraham, C.T., Girija T. and Nimmy, J. (2010). Current status of weedy rice in India and strategies for its management, DWSRC, KAU, Thrissur, Kerala, Recent Advances in weed Science Research – 2010. p.13.
    3. Azim, M. (2010). Imidazolinone tolerant rice- A solution for weedy rice problems in Malaysia. Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society, News Letter, 3: 1.
    4. Azmi, M., Watanabe, H., Abdullah, M.Z. and Zainal, A.H. (1994). Padi angin, an emerging threat to direct-seeded rice. In: Proceedings of the Malaysian Congress of Science and Technology. Kuala Lumpur: Confederation of Scientific and Technological Association in Malaysia. P. 29-36.
    5. Bakar, B.B., Bakar M.A. and Man A.B. (2000). Weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Peninsular Malaysia. Weedy rice Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI. p. 51-54.
    6. Baltazar, A.M., and Joel, D. Janiya, (2000). Weedy rice in the Philippines. University of the Philippines Los Baæos, Philippines. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.p.75-78.
    7. Chin, D.V. (1997). Occurrence of weedy rice in Vietnam. In: Proceedings of the 16th Asia-Pacific Weed Science Conference. Malaysia: Asia-Pacific Weed Science Society. p. 243-245.
    8. Choi, C.D., Moon, B.C., Kim, S.C. and Oh, Y.J. (1995). Ecology and growth of weeds and weedy rice in direct-seeded rice fields. Korean J. Weed Sci. 15:39-45.
    9. Duong Van Chin, Tran Cong Thien, Huynh Hong Bi and Nguyen Thi Nhiem, (2007). Study on weed and weedy rice control by imidazolinone herbicides in Clearfield paddy grown by imi- tolerance indica rice variety. cuu long delta rice research institute, can tho, vietnam. Omonrice 15: 63-67.
    10. Fischer, A.J. and Ramirez, A. (1993). Red rice (O. sativa): competition studies for management decisions. Int. J. Pest Manage. 39:133-138.
    11. Giglioli, E.G. (1956). Red rice investigations (1951-1956). Mahaicony-Abary Rice Development Scheme. Georgetown (Guyana): British Guiana Rice Develop- ment Co. Ltd.
    12. Girija, T., V.E. Rajeev and C.T. Abraham, (2010). Variability in the morphologic characters of weedy rices of Kerala, DWSRC, KAU, Thrissur, Kerala, Recent Advances in weed Science Research – 2010. p.79.
    13. Gupta, S.R. and Upadhyay. M.P. (2000). Wild and weedy rice in the Nepalese ecosystem. Agriculture Botany Division, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI. p.37-40.
    14. Guzman MP. (1996). Germination, life cycle and gross morphology of two types of weedy rice (Oryza sativa L.). BS thesis, Visayas Stage College of Agriculture, Leyte, Philippines. p.46.
    15. Kuk, Y.I., Guh, J.O. and Chon, S.U. (1997). Difference of classifica- tion, growth and herbicidal tolerance in collected weedy rice. Korean J. Weed Sci. 17:31-43.
    16. Lo, N.P. (1994). Chemical control of padi angin. Paper presented at the Padi angin Workshop, 18 May 1994, Malaysian Agrl. Research and Development Institute, Seberang Perai. p.4.
    17. Morishima, H., Shimamoto, Y., Sato, T., Yamagishi, H. and Sato, Y.I. (1991). Observations of wild and cultivated rices in Bhutan, Bangladesh and Thailand. Report of study tours in 1989-1990. Mishima (Japan): National Institute of Genetics. p.73.
    18. Pandey, S., Mortimer A.M. and Piggin. C. (2000). An economic framework for optimal management of weedy rice on Asian rice farms. IRRI, Metro Manila, Philippines. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.107-118.
    19. Platino, N.D. (1996). Survey and characterization of different types of weedy rice in Baybay, Leyte. BS thesis, Visayas Stage College of Agriculture, Baybay, Leyte. p.35.
    20. Suh, H.S., Back, J.H. and Ha, W.G. (1997). Weedy rice occurrence and position in transplanted and directseeded farmer’s fields. Korean J. Crop Sci. 42:352-356.
    21. Vencill, W.K. (2002). Herbicide Handbook. 8th ed. Champaign, IL: Weed Sci. Soi. Am. p - 493.
    22. Vo Mai, Ho Van Chien, Vo Van A, Vo Thi, Thu Suong and Le Van Thiet. (2000). Rice seed contamination in Vietnam. Plant Protection Department of South Vietnam., Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.p.17-20.
    23. Vongsaroj, P. (2000). Wild and weedy rice in Thailand. Weed and Agronomy Division, Dept. of Agriculture, Bangkok, Thailand. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI.p. 55-57.
    24. Watanabe, H. (1995). Weedy rice problems in Southeast Asia and control strategy. In: Proceedings of the 15th APWSSC. Tokyo: Asian Pacific Weed Sci. Soi. p. 68-80.
    25. Watanabe, H., Azmi, M. and Zuki Md I. (1996). Ecology of major weeds and their control in direct-seeded rice culture of Malaysia. MARDI/MADA/JIRCAS Collaborative Study (1992-96). Serdang (Malaysia): Malaysian Agrl. Research and Development Institute. p. 202.
    26. Watanabe, H., D.A. Vaughan, and N. Tomooka. (2000). Weedy rice complexes: case studies from Malaysia, Vietnam, and Surinam. Tohoku National Agricultural Experimental Station, Omagari, Akita , Japan. Wild and weedy rice in Ecosystems in Asia-A Review, IRRI. p .25-34.
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