Banner
Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive
Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 21 issue 2 (june 2000) : 104-109

DETOXIFICATION OF MIMOSINE AND DIHYDROXVPYRIDONE : A REVIEW

S
S.S. Paul
1Central Institute For Research on Buffaloes Sub-Campus, Nabha-147201, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Paul S.S. (2025). DETOXIFICATION OF MIMOSINE AND DIHYDROXVPYRIDONE : A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 21(2): 104-109. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) is considered as a miracle tree due to its protein rich foliage (20–30% CP), fast growing and drought tolerant habits. Use of its foliage as animal feed is being limited by presence of a toxic amino acid-mimosine and its metabolites 3, 4 DHP and 2, 3 DHP. Inclusion of subabul leaves on ration of farm animals results in varied response to severe adverse effects. Treatment of subabul leaf meal with mimosine binding agents reduce mimosine toxicity significantly and this seems to be the most effective detoxification method for nonruminants. But for ruminants a new hope has arisen from the discovery of presence of DHP degrading rumen microbes in some regions of the world including Karnal area of India. Such microbes were identified as Clostridium strain 162 in Venezuela; Synergistes jonsii in USA and a strain of Streptococcus bovis in India. This paper reviews the topic and provides an update information about detoxification of mimosine and DHP.

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Akbar, MA and Gupta,PC.(1985).Indian J. Anim. ScL, 55: 54-58.
    2. Allison, M.J. et al:{l990). App.Exp.Microbiol., 56 : 590-594.
    3. Allison, M.J. et al.(1992). Sys.Appl.Microbiol., 15 : 522-529.
    4. Anonymous (1997). N.D.R.I. News., 1 : 1.
    5. Atreja, P.P. et al. (1990). Report on project 'To test the effect of antimetabolites" . NORI, Karnal, India.
    6. Bhaskar, BV et al. (1987). Indian J. Dairy Sci., 40 : 139-141. • ..
    7. Chakraborty, R.P. and Chhabra, A. (1998). Indian J.Anim.Nutr., 5 : 244-247.
    8. Crounce, R.J. et al. (1962). Nature, 94 : 194-195.
    9. Dharamsare, KS. et al. (1991). Indian J.Anim.Nutr., 8: 61-64.
    10. D'Mello, J.P.F. and Taplin, D.E. (1978). World Rev. Anim. Prod., 14: 41-47.
    11. D'Mel!o, J.P.F. and Fraser, KW. (1981). Tropical Agric. (Trinidad)., 23 : 75-78.
    12. D'Mello, J.P.F. and Acamovic, T. (1982). Tropical Agric. (Trinidad)., 59: 329-332.
    13. D'Mello, J.P.F. et al. (1987). Tropical Agric. (Trinidad)., 64 : 33-35.
    14. D'Mello, J.P.F. (1992). Anim. Feed Soi. Techno1., 38: 237-261.
    15. D'Mello, J.P.F. (1994). Amino acid Imbalances,antagonlsm and toxicities. (Ed. 'Mello.J.P.F.D) CAB Int. Wellingford,
    16. Oxon, London.
    17. Dominguez Bello, M.G. and Stewart, C.S. (1991). Appl.Microbiol, 14 : 67-71.
    18. Elliot, R. et al. (1985). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 36 : 867-875.
    19. Feng,D.Y. and Atreja, P.P. (1994)Twenty fourth Int.Dalry Congress,Melbourne,Australia,Abstract Cb 19,P75.
    20. Gowda, D.R. (1984).lndian J. Anim.1'futr., 3 :233-237.
    21. Gupta, B.K. (1988). Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 5: 202-206.
    22. Gupta, H.K (1995). Ph. D. Thesis, NORI, Karnal, India.
    23. Gupta, H.K and Atreja, P.P. (1994) Abstract presented to 24th Int.Dairy Congress, Melbourne, Australia,
    24. Cb 24 p78.
    25. Hammond, A.C. (1989). Am. J. Vet. Res., 50 : 2176·2180.
    26. Hammond, A.C. (1995). J. Anim.SeI., 73 : 1487-1492.
    27. Hegarty, M.P. et al. (1976). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 15 : 153-167.
    28. Hegarty, M.P. et al. (1997). Aust. Vet. J., 52 : 490.
    29. Hussain, J. et a1. (1991). British Poultry Sci., 32 : 131-137.
    30. Jones, R.J. (1973). In: CSIRO,Dlvision of Tropical Agronomy, Annual Report, Townsville, Queensland, Australia,
    31. p.15.
    32. Jones, R.J. (1979). World Anim.Rev., 31: 13-23.
    33. Jones, R.J. and Megarrlty, R.G. (1983). Austr.J.Agric.Res., 34: 781-790.
    34. Jones,R.J. and Megarrlty,R.G.(1986). Austr.Vet.J., 63: 259-262.
    35. . Kharat, S. T. et al. (1985) Indian J. animo Nutr., 2 : 42-44.
    36. Kudo, H. et al. (1989). Japan Ag. Res. quarterly., 23 : 78-80.
    37. Kurar, C. K '~t a1. (1984). Indian J. Anim. Sel., 54 : 420-424.
    38. Vol. 21. No.2. 2000 109
    39. Labadan, M. M. (1969). Phillipp. Agric., 53: 392-401.
    40. Lowry, J. B. (1982). In: Asia-Pacific Region, lORe. Otti'lWi'l. Canada, p 49-54.
    41. Mi'lli, ,I. M. et 01. (1990). Indian J. Anim. Sci., 54 : 420-424.
    42. Meulin. U-ter, et a/. (1984). Archiv. Fur. Guffugelkur.de. 48 : 41-44.
    43. Montagna,w. and Yu, J. S. (1963). Trap. Grasslands., 2: 19-30,
    44. NAS (1977). Leucaena : Promising Forage and Tree crop for the tropics. National Academy of Sciences,
    45. Washington, D.e.
    46. NAS (1981). Leucaena : Promising Forage and Tree crop for the tropics. National Acarlemy of
    47. Sciences, Washington,D.e.
    48. Onwudike, O.e. (1995). Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 51 : 153-163.
    49. Owen, L.N. (1958) Vet. Record., 70 : 454-457.
    50. Pal, R.N. et 01. (1979). Forageres., 5 : 109-115.
    51. Pathak, P. S. and Pati!, B.D. (1983). In: Leucaena Research In Asia Pacific region, IDRC, Ottawa, Canada, P 83-88.
    52. Paul, S. S. (1996). M.Sc. Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, India.
    53. Paul, S.S. et a/. (1997). In : National Symposium on Feeding Strategies for ecofriendly Animal Production in India.
    54. (Abstracts) IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India. p .59.
    55. Paul, S. S. et 01. (1999). Indian J.Anim. Nutr., 6: 68-71.
    56. Quirck, M.E eta/. (1998). J. Agric. Sci., 111: 165-170.
    57. Ram, .J.J. et 01. (1994). Tropical Hlth. Prod., 26 : 199-206.
    58. Reis, P.J. eta/. (1975) Aust. J. Bioi. Sci., 28: 495-501.
    59. Ross, E. and Springhall, J.A. (1963). Aust. Vet. J., 39 : 394-397.
    60. Samanta, A.K. (1991). M.Sc. Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, India.
    61. Samanta, A.K. et 01. (1994). Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol., 50 : 157-165.
    62. Serrano, E.P. et 01. (1983). Aust. J. Bioi. Sci., 36: 445-454.
    63. Sharma, T. et a/. (1990). Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 7 : 295-298.
    64. Shukla, P.e. et 01. (1987) Indian ,f. Anim. Nutr., 4 : 207-208.
    65. Shyam, R. et a/. (1990) In Proc.of National Seminar on Sheep and Goat Nutrition i'lnd Pi'lsturp I ltilization, Avikanagi'lr, Rajasthan, p. 139.
    66. Sobal, B.N. et 01. (1978). Trap. Anim. Hlth. Prod., 10: 237-241.
    67. Stunzi, H. et al. (1980) Aust. J. Chem., 33 : 2207-2220.
    68. Tawata, S. et 01. (1986). Sci. Bull. College Agric. Univ., Rykyus, Okinawa, 33 : 87-93.
    69. Tsal, w.e. and Ling, K.H. {1973). J. Chem. Biochem. Soc. 2 : 70-86.
    70. Upadhyay, V.S. et 01. (1974). Indian Vet. J., 51 : 534-537.
    71. Wang, J. et a/. (1992). Practacultural Science 9: 1, 20-22.
    72. Wills, R.B.H. and TangenjaJa, B. (1981). Phytochemistry, 20 : 2017-2018.
    Published In
    Agricultural Reviews
    Article Metrics
    Metrics Icon
    0
    Views
    0
    Citations
    Reviewed By
    Share Article
    Download Article
    In this Article
      Contact us
      Follow us

      volume 21 issue 2 (june 2000) : 104-109

      DETOXIFICATION OF MIMOSINE AND DIHYDROXVPYRIDONE : A REVIEW

      S
      S.S. Paul
      1Central Institute For Research on Buffaloes Sub-Campus, Nabha-147201, India

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Paul S.S. (2025). DETOXIFICATION OF MIMOSINE AND DIHYDROXVPYRIDONE : A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 21(2): 104-109. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      Subabul (Leucaena leucocephala) is considered as a miracle tree due to its protein rich foliage (20–30% CP), fast growing and drought tolerant habits. Use of its foliage as animal feed is being limited by presence of a toxic amino acid-mimosine and its metabolites 3, 4 DHP and 2, 3 DHP. Inclusion of subabul leaves on ration of farm animals results in varied response to severe adverse effects. Treatment of subabul leaf meal with mimosine binding agents reduce mimosine toxicity significantly and this seems to be the most effective detoxification method for nonruminants. But for ruminants a new hope has arisen from the discovery of presence of DHP degrading rumen microbes in some regions of the world including Karnal area of India. Such microbes were identified as Clostridium strain 162 in Venezuela; Synergistes jonsii in USA and a strain of Streptococcus bovis in India. This paper reviews the topic and provides an update information about detoxification of mimosine and DHP.

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Akbar, MA and Gupta,PC.(1985).Indian J. Anim. ScL, 55: 54-58.
        2. Allison, M.J. et al:{l990). App.Exp.Microbiol., 56 : 590-594.
        3. Allison, M.J. et al.(1992). Sys.Appl.Microbiol., 15 : 522-529.
        4. Anonymous (1997). N.D.R.I. News., 1 : 1.
        5. Atreja, P.P. et al. (1990). Report on project 'To test the effect of antimetabolites" . NORI, Karnal, India.
        6. Bhaskar, BV et al. (1987). Indian J. Dairy Sci., 40 : 139-141. • ..
        7. Chakraborty, R.P. and Chhabra, A. (1998). Indian J.Anim.Nutr., 5 : 244-247.
        8. Crounce, R.J. et al. (1962). Nature, 94 : 194-195.
        9. Dharamsare, KS. et al. (1991). Indian J.Anim.Nutr., 8: 61-64.
        10. D'Mello, J.P.F. and Taplin, D.E. (1978). World Rev. Anim. Prod., 14: 41-47.
        11. D'Mel!o, J.P.F. and Fraser, KW. (1981). Tropical Agric. (Trinidad)., 23 : 75-78.
        12. D'Mello, J.P.F. and Acamovic, T. (1982). Tropical Agric. (Trinidad)., 59: 329-332.
        13. D'Mello, J.P.F. et al. (1987). Tropical Agric. (Trinidad)., 64 : 33-35.
        14. D'Mello, J.P.F. (1992). Anim. Feed Soi. Techno1., 38: 237-261.
        15. D'Mello, J.P.F. (1994). Amino acid Imbalances,antagonlsm and toxicities. (Ed. 'Mello.J.P.F.D) CAB Int. Wellingford,
        16. Oxon, London.
        17. Dominguez Bello, M.G. and Stewart, C.S. (1991). Appl.Microbiol, 14 : 67-71.
        18. Elliot, R. et al. (1985). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 36 : 867-875.
        19. Feng,D.Y. and Atreja, P.P. (1994)Twenty fourth Int.Dalry Congress,Melbourne,Australia,Abstract Cb 19,P75.
        20. Gowda, D.R. (1984).lndian J. Anim.1'futr., 3 :233-237.
        21. Gupta, B.K. (1988). Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 5: 202-206.
        22. Gupta, H.K (1995). Ph. D. Thesis, NORI, Karnal, India.
        23. Gupta, H.K and Atreja, P.P. (1994) Abstract presented to 24th Int.Dairy Congress, Melbourne, Australia,
        24. Cb 24 p78.
        25. Hammond, A.C. (1989). Am. J. Vet. Res., 50 : 2176·2180.
        26. Hammond, A.C. (1995). J. Anim.SeI., 73 : 1487-1492.
        27. Hegarty, M.P. et al. (1976). Aust. J. Agric. Res., 15 : 153-167.
        28. Hegarty, M.P. et al. (1997). Aust. Vet. J., 52 : 490.
        29. Hussain, J. et a1. (1991). British Poultry Sci., 32 : 131-137.
        30. Jones, R.J. (1973). In: CSIRO,Dlvision of Tropical Agronomy, Annual Report, Townsville, Queensland, Australia,
        31. p.15.
        32. Jones, R.J. (1979). World Anim.Rev., 31: 13-23.
        33. Jones, R.J. and Megarrlty, R.G. (1983). Austr.J.Agric.Res., 34: 781-790.
        34. Jones,R.J. and Megarrlty,R.G.(1986). Austr.Vet.J., 63: 259-262.
        35. . Kharat, S. T. et al. (1985) Indian J. animo Nutr., 2 : 42-44.
        36. Kudo, H. et al. (1989). Japan Ag. Res. quarterly., 23 : 78-80.
        37. Kurar, C. K '~t a1. (1984). Indian J. Anim. Sel., 54 : 420-424.
        38. Vol. 21. No.2. 2000 109
        39. Labadan, M. M. (1969). Phillipp. Agric., 53: 392-401.
        40. Lowry, J. B. (1982). In: Asia-Pacific Region, lORe. Otti'lWi'l. Canada, p 49-54.
        41. Mi'lli, ,I. M. et 01. (1990). Indian J. Anim. Sci., 54 : 420-424.
        42. Meulin. U-ter, et a/. (1984). Archiv. Fur. Guffugelkur.de. 48 : 41-44.
        43. Montagna,w. and Yu, J. S. (1963). Trap. Grasslands., 2: 19-30,
        44. NAS (1977). Leucaena : Promising Forage and Tree crop for the tropics. National Academy of Sciences,
        45. Washington, D.e.
        46. NAS (1981). Leucaena : Promising Forage and Tree crop for the tropics. National Acarlemy of
        47. Sciences, Washington,D.e.
        48. Onwudike, O.e. (1995). Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 51 : 153-163.
        49. Owen, L.N. (1958) Vet. Record., 70 : 454-457.
        50. Pal, R.N. et 01. (1979). Forageres., 5 : 109-115.
        51. Pathak, P. S. and Pati!, B.D. (1983). In: Leucaena Research In Asia Pacific region, IDRC, Ottawa, Canada, P 83-88.
        52. Paul, S. S. (1996). M.Sc. Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, India.
        53. Paul, S.S. et a/. (1997). In : National Symposium on Feeding Strategies for ecofriendly Animal Production in India.
        54. (Abstracts) IVRI, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP, India. p .59.
        55. Paul, S. S. et 01. (1999). Indian J.Anim. Nutr., 6: 68-71.
        56. Quirck, M.E eta/. (1998). J. Agric. Sci., 111: 165-170.
        57. Ram, .J.J. et 01. (1994). Tropical Hlth. Prod., 26 : 199-206.
        58. Reis, P.J. eta/. (1975) Aust. J. Bioi. Sci., 28: 495-501.
        59. Ross, E. and Springhall, J.A. (1963). Aust. Vet. J., 39 : 394-397.
        60. Samanta, A.K. (1991). M.Sc. Thesis, NDRI, Karnal, India.
        61. Samanta, A.K. et 01. (1994). Anim. Feed. Sci. Technol., 50 : 157-165.
        62. Serrano, E.P. et 01. (1983). Aust. J. Bioi. Sci., 36: 445-454.
        63. Sharma, T. et a/. (1990). Indian J. Anim. Nutr., 7 : 295-298.
        64. Shukla, P.e. et 01. (1987) Indian ,f. Anim. Nutr., 4 : 207-208.
        65. Shyam, R. et a/. (1990) In Proc.of National Seminar on Sheep and Goat Nutrition i'lnd Pi'lsturp I ltilization, Avikanagi'lr, Rajasthan, p. 139.
        66. Sobal, B.N. et 01. (1978). Trap. Anim. Hlth. Prod., 10: 237-241.
        67. Stunzi, H. et al. (1980) Aust. J. Chem., 33 : 2207-2220.
        68. Tawata, S. et 01. (1986). Sci. Bull. College Agric. Univ., Rykyus, Okinawa, 33 : 87-93.
        69. Tsal, w.e. and Ling, K.H. {1973). J. Chem. Biochem. Soc. 2 : 70-86.
        70. Upadhyay, V.S. et 01. (1974). Indian Vet. J., 51 : 534-537.
        71. Wang, J. et a/. (1992). Practacultural Science 9: 1, 20-22.
        72. Wills, R.B.H. and TangenjaJa, B. (1981). Phytochemistry, 20 : 2017-2018.
        In this Article
          Contact us
          Follow us
          Published In
          Agricultural Reviews

          Editorial Board

          View all (0)