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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 22 issue 3 & 4 ( 2001) : 194 - 204

INTERACTION AMONG NUTRIENTS AND NUTRIENTS WITH IRRIGATION FOR SUSTAINABLE OILSEED PRODUCTION - A REVIEW

K
K. G. Mandai
P
P. K. Ghosh
R
R. H. Wanjari
K
K. M. Hatiand K. K. Bandyopadhyay
1Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal-462 038, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Mandai G. K., Ghosh K. P., Wanjari H. R., Bandyopadhyay K. K. Hatiand M. K. (2025). INTERACTION AMONG NUTRIENTS AND NUTRIENTS WITH IRRIGATION FOR SUSTAINABLE OILSEED PRODUCTION - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 22(3): 194 - 204. doi: .

ABSTRACT

India is a paradise for oilseed crops. Oilseeds, the second largest agricultural commodity after cereals in India, play a significant role in India's agrarian economy, sharing 14% of the gross cropped area and accounting for nearly 5% of the gross national product and 10% of the value of all agricultural products. A range of oilseed crops viz., groundnut, rapeseed and mustard, soybean, sesame, sunflower, safflower, niger, linseed and castor are cultivated in the country. Though India occupies a premier position in terms of area, its contribution towards World's production of annual oilseeds is less than 10%. It is mainly due to extremely low productivity of oilseeds. Nutrients and water are the key inputs for higher yields. The interaction among the nutrients (N×P, N×K, P×K, N×P×K, NPK with S, NPK with organic manures, NPK with micro and secondary nutrients and NPK with biofertilizers), interactions of water and nutrients are the most important factors responsible for higher productivity and greater oilseed stock of the country. If the nature of interaction is properly understood, large increase in oilseeds is expected to come from such interactions. Several nutrient interactions and irrigation × nutrient interactive technologies are available, but their potential in increasing yield has not yet been exploited properly. There exists a tremendous scope for further increasing the oilseed productivity through exploiting these inter-active technologies.

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Agarwal, S. K. and Gupta, M. L. (1991). IndjanJ Agron. 36: 607-609.
    2. Agrawal, K. K. et al. (1997). J. Ojlseeds Res. 14: 335-337.
    3. Agrawal, K. K. eta/. (1999). J. OiiseedsRes. 16: 267-270.
    4. Aulakh, M.S. et al. (1980). J. Agril. Sci., (Cambr.) 94: 545-549.
    5. Aulakh, M.S. et al. (1990). Soil Sci., 150 (4): 705-709.
    6. Awasthi, U.S. et a/. (1989). Indian J. Agron. 34: 432-433.
    7. Badiger, M.K. et aI. (1982). J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 30:166-169.
    8. Balasubramanian, P. and Palaniappan, S.P. (l994).lndianJ. Agron. 39: 131-133.
    9. Vol. 22, No. 3/4, 2001 203
    10. Bandyopadhyay, P. and Samui, R. C. (1999). J. Oilseeds Res. 16: 82-85.
    11. Bhalerao. P. D. eta/. (1993). IndianJ. Agron. 38: 505-507
    12. Bhan, S. (1979). Indian J. Agron. 24: 180-186.
    13. Bhan, S. and Misra, OK (1971).lndian J. Agron. 16: 309-312.
    14. Bhanurekha, V and Ramasubba Reddy, G. (1998). J. OilseedsRes.15: 182-184.
    15. Biswas, B. C., Tewatia, T. P. S. and Prasad, N. (1991). Fer!. News 36(7): 43-57.
    16. Chandra, Dinesh. (1997). J. Oi/seeds Res. 14: 194-201.
    17. Chandra, N. J. etal. (1989). IndianJ. Agron. 34: 399-401.
    18. Chauhan. D. R. et a/. (1996). Indian J. Agron. 41: 620-623.
    19. Chauhan, S. P. S. et al. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 323-325.
    20. Chaurasia, S. K. etaI. (1992). IndianJ. Agron. 37: 496-499.
    21. Cooke, G.w. (1982). Fertilizing for maximum Yields, 3rd Eel. Macmillon, NewYork.
    22. Damodaram, T. and Hegde, D.M. (1999). In: Oilseed situation: A statistical compendium, Directorate of Oilseed
    23. Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.
    24. Deekshitulu, VVR. et al. (1998). J. Oi/seeds Res. 15: 355-356.
    25. Devidayal and Agarwal, S. K. (1998). J. Oilseeds Res. 15: 272-279.
    26. Dhoble, M. V (1998). Indian ,I. Agron. 43: 138-141. .
    27. Dubey, O. P. and Khan, R. A. (1993). IndianJ. Agron. 38: 270-276.
    28. Dubey, O. P. et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 49-53.
    29. Dubey, S. K. (1996). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 66: 246-249.
    30. Ganga Saran and Kinra, R L. (1979). HAUJ. Res. 9: 6-8.
    31. Gill, M. S. and Narang, R. S. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 257-265.
    32. Gill, M. S. et al. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 463-465.
    33. Goudreddy, B. S. etal. (1977). MysoreJ. Agric. Sci. 11: 471-476.
    34. Hati, K. M. et a/. (2000a). Environ.& EcoI. J 8: 202-206.
    35. Hati, K. M. et a/. (2000). In: Proc. Int. ConI. Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agricultural Production in
    36. the 21st Century, Feb. 14-18,2000. Extended Summaries, Vol. 2 (Natural Resources) New Delhi, India:
    37. 513-514.
    38. Jadav, Ashok S. et al. (1992). Indian J. Agron. 37(3): 604-605.
    39. Jaggi, R. C. and Sharma, D. K. (1997). IndianJ. Agron. 42: 352-356.
    40. Jaggi, R C. (1998). Indian J. Agron. 43: 129-132.
    41. Kachroo, D. and Kumar, A. (1997). IndianJ. Agron. 42: 145-147.
    42. Khanpara, V D. et al. (1993). Indian J.Agron. 38: 588-92.
    43. Kulkarni, K.R eta/. (1977). MJlSoreJ. Agric. Sci. 11: 248-253.
    44. Legha, PK and Giri, Gajendra (1999). Indian J. Agron. 44: 408-412.
    45. Mahakulkar, B. V et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 252-254.
    46. Mahal, S.S. et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 255-261.
    47. Malavia, D. D. et al. (1998). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 68(2): 117-118.
    48. MandaI. K. G. et al. (2000). Environ. Ecol. 18: 207-209.
    49. Mankotia, B. S. and Sharma, H. L. (1997). IndianJ. Agric. Sci. 67: 106-109.
    50. Mohan, K. and Sharma, H. C. (1992). IndianJ. Agron. 37: 748-754.
    51. Nagavani, A. V etal. (1997). J. Oi/seedsRes. 14: 315-317.
    52. Narasimham, R. L. et aI. (1977). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 47: 573-576.
    53. Padmani, L. R. etal. (1992). IndianJ. Agron. 37: 477-480.
    54. Pall, G. P. et a/. (1995). J. Oilseeds Res. 12: 235-238.
    55. Parihar, S. S. (1991). IndianJ. Agron. 36(Suppl.): 156-159.
    56. Pasricha, N. S. et al. (1987a). Research Bulletin No. DRlPub/87/15, Punjab Agril. Univ. Ludhiana, pp.30-55.
    57. Pasricha, N.S. and Tandon, HLS. (1993). In: Fertilizer Management in Commercial Crops. (Tandon, H.L.S. ed.)
    58. FDCO, New Delhi.
    59. Pasricha, RS. etal. (198/b). Ann. Rep., 1975-86 Deptt. of Soils, PAU, Ludhiana.
    60. Patel, S. R. and Chandravanshi, B. R (1996). Indian J. Agron. 41: 601-603.
    61. Patel, S. R. and Thakur, D. S. (1997). J. OilseedsRes. 14: 189-193.
    62. Patel, Z.G. et al. (1998). (In) Proc. of Extended Summaries of First International Agronomy Congress, Nov. 23-27,
    63. 1998, New Delhi. pp 225-226.
    64. Patra, A. K. et aI. (1995). J. Oi/seeds Res. 12: 83-86.
    65. Prabhuraj, D. K. et aI. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 427-430.
    66. 204 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
    67. •
    68. Pramanik, S. C: eta/. (1996)./ndianJ. Agron. 41"! 101-107.
    69. Prasad, U. K eta/. (1999).lndianJ. Agric. Sci. 69: 567-569.
    70. Prihar, S. S. and Gajri, P. R. (1988). National Syrnp. Recent Advances in Dryland Agriculture, 13-16, September,
    71. 1988, Hyderabad.
    72. Rathore, P. S. and Manohar, S. S. (1990).lndianJ. Agron. 35: 361-363.
    73. Ravinder, N. et a/. (1996). J. Oi/seeds Res. 13: 173-177.
    74. Reddy, M. P. and Kumar, K A. (i996). J. Oilseeds Res. 13: 187-192.
    75. Sachdeva Singh and Ganga Saran (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 417421.
    76. Sadhu, A. C. etal. (1997l.lndianJ. Agron. 42: 342-347.
    77. Sarkar, C. and Tripathi, R. S. (1996). J. Oi/seedsRes. 13: 129-130.
    78. Sathiyavelu, A. etal. (1994a).lndianJ. Agron. 39: 497498.
    79. Sathiyavelu, A. et a/. (1994b). Indian J. Agron. 39: 499-500.
    80. Sharma, D. K and Kumar, A. (1989). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 59: 127-129.
    81. Sharma, D. K and Kumar, A. (1992). Ferti/. News. 37: 3743.
    82. Sharma, S. K et a/. (1997a). Indian J. Agron. 42: 498-501.
    83. Sharma, S. K et al. (1997b). Indian J. Agron. 42: 357-360.
    84. Singh, A. L. and Chaudhari, V. (1995). J. P/. Nutri. 18: 2739-2759.
    85. Singh, A. L. and Joshi, Y. C. (1993). Oleagineux 48: 27-34.
    86. Singh, A. L. et a/. (1990a). In: Proc.lnt. Congo of Plant Physiol. held on 15-20 Feb, 1988 at New Delhi, India. Soc.
    87. Plant Physiol. Biochem. Vol. 2 pp.1236-1240.
    88. Singh, A. L. et aI. (1990b). Ferti/. Res. 24: 85-96.
    89. Singh, B. and Kumar, V. (1996). Indian J. Agron. 41: 286-289.
    90. Singh, Bikram et a/. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 266-269.
    91. Singh, Jagdev and Singh, K P. (1997). Indian J. Agron. 42: 370-3Z4.
    92. Singh, R. A. (1993). J. Oi/seedsRes. 10: 305-306.
    93. Singh, S. P. et aI. (1997). J. Oi/seeds Res. 14: 229-232.
    94. Singh, S. S. and Dixit, K(1989). Indian J. Agron. 34: 307-311.
    95. Singh, Ved et a/. (1994a). Indian J. Agron. 39:58-61.
    96. Singh, Vijay eta/. (1998).lndianJ. Agron. 43: 721-724.
    97. Sonani, V. V. et aI. (1999). J. Oi/seeds Res. 16: 135-136.
    98. Srihari, P.C. et aI. (1993). J. Oi/seeds Res. 10: 325-327.
    99. Srivastava, A. N. and Pathak, R. K (1980). In: Technical Bulletin No.3, C.S Azad Univ. Agril. and Tech., Kanpur,
    100. CSAU.
    101. Thakral, S. K et a/. (1996). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 66: 212-216.
    102. Thakur, K S. and Chand, Jagdish (1998). Indian J. Agron. 43: 733-737.
    103. Tiwari, K P. et a/. (1993). J. Oi/seeds Res. 10: 299-301.
    104. Tiwari, KP. et aI. (1988). Indian J. Agron. 33: 4446.
    105. Tiwari, R. B. and Dhakar, L. L. (1997). Indian J. Agron. 42: 490494.
    106. Tiwari, R. B. et al. (1997). Indian J. Agron. 42: 338-341.
    107. Tomar, H.P.S. et a/. (1997). Indian J. Agron. 42: 169-172.
    108. Tomar, R. K S. ~ta/. (1996). J. OilseedsRes. 13: 13-17.
    109. Tomer, S. et a/. (1996). Indian J. Agron. 41: 624-626.
    110. Tomer, Savita eta/. (1992).lndianJ. Agron. 37:76-78.
    111. Vali, P. M. etal. (1978). MysoreJ. Agric. Sci. 12: 408412
    112. Vashishtha, R.P. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 64-67.
    113. Vivek eta/. (1994).lndianJ. Agron. 39: 142-143.
    114. Yakadri, M. et a/. (1992). Indian J. Agron. 37: 202-203.
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      volume 22 issue 3 & 4 ( 2001) : 194 - 204

      INTERACTION AMONG NUTRIENTS AND NUTRIENTS WITH IRRIGATION FOR SUSTAINABLE OILSEED PRODUCTION - A REVIEW

      K
      K. G. Mandai
      P
      P. K. Ghosh
      R
      R. H. Wanjari
      K
      K. M. Hatiand K. K. Bandyopadhyay
      1Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal-462 038, India

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Mandai G. K., Ghosh K. P., Wanjari H. R., Bandyopadhyay K. K. Hatiand M. K. (2025). INTERACTION AMONG NUTRIENTS AND NUTRIENTS WITH IRRIGATION FOR SUSTAINABLE OILSEED PRODUCTION - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 22(3): 194 - 204. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      India is a paradise for oilseed crops. Oilseeds, the second largest agricultural commodity after cereals in India, play a significant role in India's agrarian economy, sharing 14% of the gross cropped area and accounting for nearly 5% of the gross national product and 10% of the value of all agricultural products. A range of oilseed crops viz., groundnut, rapeseed and mustard, soybean, sesame, sunflower, safflower, niger, linseed and castor are cultivated in the country. Though India occupies a premier position in terms of area, its contribution towards World's production of annual oilseeds is less than 10%. It is mainly due to extremely low productivity of oilseeds. Nutrients and water are the key inputs for higher yields. The interaction among the nutrients (N×P, N×K, P×K, N×P×K, NPK with S, NPK with organic manures, NPK with micro and secondary nutrients and NPK with biofertilizers), interactions of water and nutrients are the most important factors responsible for higher productivity and greater oilseed stock of the country. If the nature of interaction is properly understood, large increase in oilseeds is expected to come from such interactions. Several nutrient interactions and irrigation × nutrient interactive technologies are available, but their potential in increasing yield has not yet been exploited properly. There exists a tremendous scope for further increasing the oilseed productivity through exploiting these inter-active technologies.

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Agarwal, S. K. and Gupta, M. L. (1991). IndjanJ Agron. 36: 607-609.
        2. Agrawal, K. K. et al. (1997). J. Ojlseeds Res. 14: 335-337.
        3. Agrawal, K. K. eta/. (1999). J. OiiseedsRes. 16: 267-270.
        4. Aulakh, M.S. et al. (1980). J. Agril. Sci., (Cambr.) 94: 545-549.
        5. Aulakh, M.S. et al. (1990). Soil Sci., 150 (4): 705-709.
        6. Awasthi, U.S. et a/. (1989). Indian J. Agron. 34: 432-433.
        7. Badiger, M.K. et aI. (1982). J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci. 30:166-169.
        8. Balasubramanian, P. and Palaniappan, S.P. (l994).lndianJ. Agron. 39: 131-133.
        9. Vol. 22, No. 3/4, 2001 203
        10. Bandyopadhyay, P. and Samui, R. C. (1999). J. Oilseeds Res. 16: 82-85.
        11. Bhalerao. P. D. eta/. (1993). IndianJ. Agron. 38: 505-507
        12. Bhan, S. (1979). Indian J. Agron. 24: 180-186.
        13. Bhan, S. and Misra, OK (1971).lndian J. Agron. 16: 309-312.
        14. Bhanurekha, V and Ramasubba Reddy, G. (1998). J. OilseedsRes.15: 182-184.
        15. Biswas, B. C., Tewatia, T. P. S. and Prasad, N. (1991). Fer!. News 36(7): 43-57.
        16. Chandra, Dinesh. (1997). J. Oi/seeds Res. 14: 194-201.
        17. Chandra, N. J. etal. (1989). IndianJ. Agron. 34: 399-401.
        18. Chauhan. D. R. et a/. (1996). Indian J. Agron. 41: 620-623.
        19. Chauhan, S. P. S. et al. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 323-325.
        20. Chaurasia, S. K. etaI. (1992). IndianJ. Agron. 37: 496-499.
        21. Cooke, G.w. (1982). Fertilizing for maximum Yields, 3rd Eel. Macmillon, NewYork.
        22. Damodaram, T. and Hegde, D.M. (1999). In: Oilseed situation: A statistical compendium, Directorate of Oilseed
        23. Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad.
        24. Deekshitulu, VVR. et al. (1998). J. Oi/seeds Res. 15: 355-356.
        25. Devidayal and Agarwal, S. K. (1998). J. Oilseeds Res. 15: 272-279.
        26. Dhoble, M. V (1998). Indian ,I. Agron. 43: 138-141. .
        27. Dubey, O. P. and Khan, R. A. (1993). IndianJ. Agron. 38: 270-276.
        28. Dubey, O. P. et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 49-53.
        29. Dubey, S. K. (1996). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 66: 246-249.
        30. Ganga Saran and Kinra, R L. (1979). HAUJ. Res. 9: 6-8.
        31. Gill, M. S. and Narang, R. S. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 257-265.
        32. Gill, M. S. et al. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 463-465.
        33. Goudreddy, B. S. etal. (1977). MysoreJ. Agric. Sci. 11: 471-476.
        34. Hati, K. M. et a/. (2000a). Environ.& EcoI. J 8: 202-206.
        35. Hati, K. M. et a/. (2000). In: Proc. Int. ConI. Managing Natural Resources for Sustainable Agricultural Production in
        36. the 21st Century, Feb. 14-18,2000. Extended Summaries, Vol. 2 (Natural Resources) New Delhi, India:
        37. 513-514.
        38. Jadav, Ashok S. et al. (1992). Indian J. Agron. 37(3): 604-605.
        39. Jaggi, R. C. and Sharma, D. K. (1997). IndianJ. Agron. 42: 352-356.
        40. Jaggi, R C. (1998). Indian J. Agron. 43: 129-132.
        41. Kachroo, D. and Kumar, A. (1997). IndianJ. Agron. 42: 145-147.
        42. Khanpara, V D. et al. (1993). Indian J.Agron. 38: 588-92.
        43. Kulkarni, K.R eta/. (1977). MJlSoreJ. Agric. Sci. 11: 248-253.
        44. Legha, PK and Giri, Gajendra (1999). Indian J. Agron. 44: 408-412.
        45. Mahakulkar, B. V et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 252-254.
        46. Mahal, S.S. et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 255-261.
        47. Malavia, D. D. et al. (1998). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 68(2): 117-118.
        48. MandaI. K. G. et al. (2000). Environ. Ecol. 18: 207-209.
        49. Mankotia, B. S. and Sharma, H. L. (1997). IndianJ. Agric. Sci. 67: 106-109.
        50. Mohan, K. and Sharma, H. C. (1992). IndianJ. Agron. 37: 748-754.
        51. Nagavani, A. V etal. (1997). J. Oi/seedsRes. 14: 315-317.
        52. Narasimham, R. L. et aI. (1977). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 47: 573-576.
        53. Padmani, L. R. etal. (1992). IndianJ. Agron. 37: 477-480.
        54. Pall, G. P. et a/. (1995). J. Oilseeds Res. 12: 235-238.
        55. Parihar, S. S. (1991). IndianJ. Agron. 36(Suppl.): 156-159.
        56. Pasricha, N. S. et al. (1987a). Research Bulletin No. DRlPub/87/15, Punjab Agril. Univ. Ludhiana, pp.30-55.
        57. Pasricha, N.S. and Tandon, HLS. (1993). In: Fertilizer Management in Commercial Crops. (Tandon, H.L.S. ed.)
        58. FDCO, New Delhi.
        59. Pasricha, RS. etal. (198/b). Ann. Rep., 1975-86 Deptt. of Soils, PAU, Ludhiana.
        60. Patel, S. R. and Chandravanshi, B. R (1996). Indian J. Agron. 41: 601-603.
        61. Patel, S. R. and Thakur, D. S. (1997). J. OilseedsRes. 14: 189-193.
        62. Patel, Z.G. et al. (1998). (In) Proc. of Extended Summaries of First International Agronomy Congress, Nov. 23-27,
        63. 1998, New Delhi. pp 225-226.
        64. Patra, A. K. et aI. (1995). J. Oi/seeds Res. 12: 83-86.
        65. Prabhuraj, D. K. et aI. (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 427-430.
        66. 204 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
        67. •
        68. Pramanik, S. C: eta/. (1996)./ndianJ. Agron. 41"! 101-107.
        69. Prasad, U. K eta/. (1999).lndianJ. Agric. Sci. 69: 567-569.
        70. Prihar, S. S. and Gajri, P. R. (1988). National Syrnp. Recent Advances in Dryland Agriculture, 13-16, September,
        71. 1988, Hyderabad.
        72. Rathore, P. S. and Manohar, S. S. (1990).lndianJ. Agron. 35: 361-363.
        73. Ravinder, N. et a/. (1996). J. Oi/seeds Res. 13: 173-177.
        74. Reddy, M. P. and Kumar, K A. (i996). J. Oilseeds Res. 13: 187-192.
        75. Sachdeva Singh and Ganga Saran (1993). Indian J. Agron. 38: 417421.
        76. Sadhu, A. C. etal. (1997l.lndianJ. Agron. 42: 342-347.
        77. Sarkar, C. and Tripathi, R. S. (1996). J. Oi/seedsRes. 13: 129-130.
        78. Sathiyavelu, A. etal. (1994a).lndianJ. Agron. 39: 497498.
        79. Sathiyavelu, A. et a/. (1994b). Indian J. Agron. 39: 499-500.
        80. Sharma, D. K and Kumar, A. (1989). Indian J. Agric. Sci. 59: 127-129.
        81. Sharma, D. K and Kumar, A. (1992). Ferti/. News. 37: 3743.
        82. Sharma, S. K et a/. (1997a). Indian J. Agron. 42: 498-501.
        83. Sharma, S. K et al. (1997b). Indian J. Agron. 42: 357-360.
        84. Singh, A. L. and Chaudhari, V. (1995). J. P/. Nutri. 18: 2739-2759.
        85. Singh, A. L. and Joshi, Y. C. (1993). Oleagineux 48: 27-34.
        86. Singh, A. L. et a/. (1990a). In: Proc.lnt. Congo of Plant Physiol. held on 15-20 Feb, 1988 at New Delhi, India. Soc.
        87. Plant Physiol. Biochem. Vol. 2 pp.1236-1240.
        88. Singh, A. L. et aI. (1990b). Ferti/. Res. 24: 85-96.
        89. Singh, B. and Kumar, V. (1996). Indian J. Agron. 41: 286-289.
        90. Singh, Bikram et a/. (1994). Indian J. Agron. 39: 266-269.
        91. Singh, Jagdev and Singh, K P. (1997). Indian J. Agron. 42: 370-3Z4.
        92. Singh, R. A. (1993). J. Oi/seedsRes. 10: 305-306.
        93. Singh, S. P. et aI. (1997). J. Oi/seeds Res. 14: 229-232.
        94. Singh, S. S. and Dixit, K(1989). Indian J. Agron. 34: 307-311.
        95. Singh, Ved et a/. (1994a). Indian J. Agron. 39:58-61.
        96. Singh, Vijay eta/. (1998).lndianJ. Agron. 43: 721-724.
        97. Sonani, V. V. et aI. (1999). J. Oi/seeds Res. 16: 135-136.
        98. Srihari, P.C. et aI. (1993). J. Oi/seeds Res. 10: 325-327.
        99. Srivastava, A. N. and Pathak, R. K (1980). In: Technical Bulletin No.3, C.S Azad Univ. Agril. and Tech., Kanpur,
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