volume 23 issue 3 (september 2002) : 208 - 213
HERBICIDE RESISTANCE IN CROP PLANTS - A REVIEW
1AICRP on Weed Control, Department of Agronomy,
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore - 641 003, India
ABSTRACT
Herbicidal weed management using selective herbicides is a well-established necessity in modern agricultural practice. In the recent years, the demand for environmental safety has made it necessary to develop less toxic and selective compounds. However, only a very few of the available compounds fulfill the ideal requirements of a truly selective herbicide in controlling all plants except cultivated crops. Hence, the development of herbicide resistance could provide many advantages like lesser persistence in the environment and damage to offsite targets and increased production options to the growers. Therefore, efforts are being made to generate and develop herbicide resistant crops. Biochemical mechanisms of herbicide resistance like variation in herbicide uptake, translocation, compartmentation and metabolic detoxification as well as the changes in biochemical reactions like oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis and conjugation are also discussed, Herbicide resistant variants can be selected by traditional plant breeding techniques and by biotechnological methods like cell and tissue culture selection, hybridisation microspore and seed mutagenesis. Transfer of isolated herbicide resistance genes in to certain plants and manipulation of crop tolerance to herbicide with safners are also discussed. Before commercialization of specific herbicide-tolerant crops, factors such as potential loss in vigour and yield, herbicide. performance, crop and chemical registration costs, potential for out-crossing to weed species and crop itself becoming weed and property rights issues must be carefully considered.
KEYWORDS
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