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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 24 issue 4 (december 2003) : 250 - 264

FOLIAR FERTIUZATION IN CITRUS ~ A REVIEW

A
A.K. Srivastava
S
Shyam Singh
1National R~rch Centre for Ctrus, Amravati Road, Nagpur· 440 010, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Srivastava A.K., Singh Shyam (2025). FOLIAR FERTIUZATION IN CITRUS ~ A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 24(4): 250 - 264. doi: .

ABSTRACT

The history of foliar fertilization in citrus dates back to 1844. Since then it became possible to fulfill the nutritional requirement of citrus through foliar feeding. The efforts are still in vogue to adopt a number of permutation-combinations to improve the efficacy of foliar fertilization. Various plant and environmental factors account for success of foliar fertilization. The most significant breakthrough in the foliar N-fertilization was to postulate the role of elevated level of NH 3-NH 4 as a result of exogenous application of low - biuret urea and its conversion into various polyamines (Arginine as precursor to spermine). This has provided further insight into the importance of nitrogen metabolism in flowering, since alteration of “on” and “off” year is a common feature especially in mandarins. Foliar application of K preferably as KNO 3 has been found highly effective in reducing substantially the problem of creasing and puffing associated with citrus fruits. Foliar fertilization of micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B and Mo) using inorganic salts have gained more popularity over their chelated forms probably due to former having greater solubility, easy availability and cheaper cost. Use of suitable surfactant combined with selection of right growth stage with little atmospheric humidity can further ensure the better effectiveness of foliar fertilization using inorganic salts

KEYWORDS

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      volume 24 issue 4 (december 2003) : 250 - 264

      FOLIAR FERTIUZATION IN CITRUS ~ A REVIEW

      A
      A.K. Srivastava
      S
      Shyam Singh
      1National R~rch Centre for Ctrus, Amravati Road, Nagpur· 440 010, India

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Srivastava A.K., Singh Shyam (2025). FOLIAR FERTIUZATION IN CITRUS ~ A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 24(4): 250 - 264. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      The history of foliar fertilization in citrus dates back to 1844. Since then it became possible to fulfill the nutritional requirement of citrus through foliar feeding. The efforts are still in vogue to adopt a number of permutation-combinations to improve the efficacy of foliar fertilization. Various plant and environmental factors account for success of foliar fertilization. The most significant breakthrough in the foliar N-fertilization was to postulate the role of elevated level of NH 3-NH 4 as a result of exogenous application of low - biuret urea and its conversion into various polyamines (Arginine as precursor to spermine). This has provided further insight into the importance of nitrogen metabolism in flowering, since alteration of “on” and “off” year is a common feature especially in mandarins. Foliar application of K preferably as KNO 3 has been found highly effective in reducing substantially the problem of creasing and puffing associated with citrus fruits. Foliar fertilization of micronutrients (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, B and Mo) using inorganic salts have gained more popularity over their chelated forms probably due to former having greater solubility, easy availability and cheaper cost. Use of suitable surfactant combined with selection of right growth stage with little atmospheric humidity can further ensure the better effectiveness of foliar fertilization using inorganic salts

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Albrigo, L.G. (1972). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Soc., 97: 761-763.
        2. A1brigo, L.G. (1977). Proc. 1st, Int Citrus Cong., p. 107.
        3. A1carez, C.F. etal (1986).J. PI. Nutr., 9: 1405-1413.
        4. Ali, A.G. and Lovatt, C.J. (1992). Citrog., 78(2): 7-9.
        5. . Ali, A.G. and Lovatt, C.J. (1994). J. Am. Soc. Hort. Sci., 119: 1144 - 1150.
        6. AI-Juburi, H.J. and AI-Mesry, H. (1991). BuD. FacuJtyAgric., Univ. CaIro., 42: 1707-1728.
        7. Alva, AK and Tucker, D.P.H. (1992). Proc. Ra. State Hort Soc., 105: 70-74.
        8. Anand, 5.5. eta/. (1969)./ndianJ. Agrtc. Sci, 39: 841-847.
        9. Arens, K. (1934). Jb. Wiss. Bot., 80: 248-300.
        10. Arora, RK. and Yamclagni, R. (1986). HA UJ. Res., 16: 233-239.
        11. Avery, D.J. (1997). New Phytol, 78: 55-63.
        12. Bacha, MAA. (1975)./ndianJ. Agrtc. Sci, 45:189-193.
        13. Badawi, A.M. et a/. (1979). Res. BuD. Faculty of Agriculture, Ain Shams University No. 1107, Cairo, Egpyt, pp 16.
        14. Baku, RS. (1989). APAUJ. Res., 17: 83-86.
        15. Bar Akiva, A. (1965). Phyton., 22: 131-136.
        16. Barinov, G.V. and Ratner, E.1. (1957). FJZiol Rast., 6: 333-340.
        17. Batru, RS.H. eta/. (1984). HaryanaJ. Hort. Sci, 11: 59-65.
        18. Beutel, J.A. (1962). Calif. Citrog., 47: 160-162.
        19. Blandel, A.M. and Blanc, D. (1975). AnnalesAgronomiques, 26(3): 277-287.
        20. Bohrn, J. (1877). Landwirtschaftl. Versuchs-Station, Nobbe.
        21. Boynton, D. (1954). Ann. Rev. PI. Physiol, 5: 31-54.
        22. Brusca, J.N. and Haas, A.RC. (1956). Calif. Citrog., 41: 158-159.
        23. Bukovac, M.J. et a/. (1981). Scanning Bectron Micros., 3: 213-223.
        24. Bukovac, M.J. and Witter, S.H. (1957). PI. Physiol, 32: 428-35.
        25. Carpena, O. et a/. (1968). Mem. Gen. U. Colog. Eur rnedit. Centro Fert. Plant. Cult. Serville (Spanish). pp. 531-545.
        26. Carrasco, J.M. eta/. (1969). Rer agroquim. Techno/. ADment, 9: 554-563.
        27. Carvalho, SA De. (1994). Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira., 29(1): 87-90.
        28. Charnel, A. and Garnbonnet, B. (1982). J. PI. Nutr., 5: 153-171.
        29. Chiu, T.S. and Chang, 5.5. (1986). Soils and Fertilizers in Taiwan, pp. 33-44.
        30. Daulta, B.S. et a/. (1986). Haryana J. Hort. Sci., 15(1/2): 14-17.
        31. Desai, U.T. etal (1991). MaharashtraJ. Hort., 5(2): 29-31.
        32. Devi, D.D. eta/. (1996). J. Hort., 24{1/2): 66-68
        33. 262 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
        34. Dhingra, D.R. etal. (1966). Punjab Hort. .I., 6(1-4): 83-87.
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