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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 27 issue 4 (december 2006) : 276 - 283

EXPLOITING THE NATURAL RESOURCE - LIGNITE HUMIC ACID IN AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW

K
K. Kalaichelvi
C
C. Chinnusamyl
A
A. Arul Swaminathan2
1Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, COimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Kalaichelvi K., Chinnusamyl C., Swaminathan2 Arul A. (2025). EXPLOITING THE NATURAL RESOURCE - LIGNITE HUMIC ACID IN AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 27(4): 276 - 283. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Humic acid typically contains heterocyclic compowx:\s with carboxylic, phenolic, alcoholic
and carbonyl fractions extracted from lignite with high molecular weight. Humic acid has been
extracted from various sources such as lignite, peat, coal, farmyard manure, coirpith besides
natural persistence in soil. Humic acid plays a vital role in enhancing the nutrient uptake of crop
by acting as a chelate in mobilizing nutrients. Prevents losses of degradation and leaching of
nutrients and.thus reduces the use of inorganic fertilizers beSides increasing the efficiency of the
applied fertilizers. Presence of growth promotthg substances such as auxins and gibbereUins had
been reported in humic acid and it plays an important role in enhancing the enzymatic activities
of the plants. The resistance in the plants found to be increased by the humic acid application.
The soil fertility would be improved by mobilising the unavailable form of nutrients to the
available form. The humic acid application at optimal rates has been reported to enhance the
yield of various crops.

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Abbes, C. et aJ. (1994). Soil Bioi. Bio. Chern., 26: 1041-105l.
    2. Albuzi, A. et al. (1986). Can. J. Soil. Sci., 66: 731-736.
    3. AU India Co-rdinated Cotton Improvement Project (1994). Annual Progress Report, Coimbatore Centre, pp. 20-22.
    4. Balasubramanian, O. et al. (2002), Indian. J. Agric. Chern., 33(1): 11-15.
    5. Basak, UK and Ghosh. SK (1999). J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 47(2): 200-205.
    6. Cacco, G. and Agnola. G.D. (1984). Can. J. Soil. Sci., 64: 225-228.
    7. Casenova De Sanfilippo et al. (1990). Bioi. Plantarum, 32(5): 346-351.
    8. Chandrasekaran, S. (1992). Indian. J. Agric. Chern., 25: '129-141.
    9. Chandrikavaradachari et al. (1991). Soil Sci., 151(1): 220-227. ,
    10. Chellaiah, N. and Gopalaswamy, N. (1995). Agric. Sci. Digest, 15(4): 171-173.
    11. Chellaiah, N. arid Gopalaswamy, N. '(2000). Madras Agric. J" 87(4-6): 2.97-270.
    12. 282 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
    13. Concheri, G.S. et a/. (1996). Plant Soil, 179: 65-72.
    14. ',Das, A (1996). J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 44(4): 788-790.
    15. IDavid, P.P. et a/. (1994). J. Plant Nutrition, 17(1): 173-184.
    16. Dell' Agnola G. and Nard, S. (1987). Bioi. Fertil. Soils., 4: 115-118.
    17. Dinel, H. et a/. (1991). Soil Sci., .151: 146-155.
    18. Dormaur, J.E (1975). Can. J. Soil Sci., 55: 111-118.
    19. Fegbenro, JA and Agboola, AA (1993). J. Plant Nutrition, 16(8): 1465-1483.
    20. Ferretti, M.R. et a/. (1991). Can. J. Soil Sci., 71: 239-242.
    21. Gumlniskl, S. et aI. (1983). J. Exp. Bot., 16: 151-152.
    22. Harper, S.M. et a/. (1995). Plant Soil, 171: 189-192.
    23. Hasmotsaikh and Parthakumar Chandra (1999): J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 47(2): 206-211.
    24. Ivanohelanova and Sladky, Z. (1967). Bioi. P/antarum, 9(4): 276-284.
    25. !vanovich, M. et a/. (1996). Symposium at the American Chemical Society's National Meeting, Chlcacogo, USA,
    26. 220-243.
    27. Khungar, S.C. and Manoharan, V. (2000). Fertil.News, 45(8): 23-25.
    28. Kowalski. R. and Davies, G.E (1982). Plant Soil, 68: 139-141.
    29. Lal, J.K. and Mishra, B. (2000), J. Res., 12(2): 179-185.
    30. Lobartini, J.C. et a/. (1992). Sci. Total Environment, 113(1): 1-15.
    31. Madhumita Das et a/. (2000). Ann. Agric. Res., 21(2): 216-222.
    32. Maggioni, A, et a/.(1987). Sci. Total Environ., 62: 355-363.
    33. Mallikc\rjuna Rao et aJ. (1987). Curro Sci., 56: 1273-1276.
    34. Manjokumar et a/. (2002). J. Indian Soci Soil. Sci., 50: 213-216.
    35. Martinez, MA et a/. (1984). Soil Sci., 138(4): 257-261.
    36. Mato, M.C. et a/. (1971). Soil Bioi. Biochem., : 258-288.
    37. Milap Chand et al. (1980). Plant Soil, 55: 17-24.
    38. Mirsanavosmidova (1960). Bioi. P/antarum, 2(2): 152-164.
    39. Mishra, B. and Srivastava, L.L. (1998). J. Indian Soc. Soil. Sci., 36: 83-89.
    40. Mylonas, VA and Mc Cants, C.B. (1980). Plant Soil, 54: 485-490.
    41. Nardi, S. et al. (1994). Soil BioI. Biochem., 26: 1341-1346.
    42. Nardi, S. et al. (2000). Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J., 64: 639-645.
    43. Nishlta, H. at a/. (1973). Plant Soil, 39: 161-176.
    44. O'Donnell, R.w. (1973). Soil Sci., 116: 106-112.
    45. Peng Zheng Ping et aJ. (2001). J. Hebci Agric. Univ., 24(1): 24-27.
    46. Poapst, PA et aJ.(1970). Plant Soil, 32: 367-372.
    47. Prasad, B. and Singh, KN. (2000). J. Indian. Soc. Soil Sci., 48(2): 377-378.
    48. Raina, J.N. and Goswami, K.P. (1988). J. Indian. Soc. Soil Sci., 36: 264-268.
    49. Rozenbaha et a/. (2002). Analytica - Chemica. Acta., 452(1): 105-114.
    50. Samirpal and Senugpta, B. (1985). Plant Soil., 88: 71-91.
    51. Sanjibkar, (1998). Indian Agric., 42(4): 273-277.
    52. Santhi, P.et a/. (2001). J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 49(2): 281-289.
    53. Saravanan, A. (1989). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis. Annamalai University.
    54. Sathyabama, K (2001). Ph.D. Thesis. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. COimbatore.
    55. Schnitzer, M. (2000). Adv. Agron., 68: 3-54.
    56. Sensi, N. et a/. (1990). Plant Soil, 127: 41-47.
    57. Singaravel, K et aJ. (1998). J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 46(1): 145-146.
    58. Singhal, R.M. and Pramod Kumar (1992). J. Indian. Soc Soil Sci., 40: 837-839.
    59. Singhvi, N.R. (1991). Acta Botanica India, 19: 97-99.
    60. Solaiappan, U. et a/. (1995). Indian J. Agron., 40(1): 156-157.
    61. Stevenson, EJ. (1991). Organic Matter - Micronutrient reactions in soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison.
    62. SUjana Reddy, K and Chandrasekhar Rao, P.· (2000). J. tndian Soc. Soil Sci., 48(3): 596-598.
    63. Sumukh Das (2001). Pestology, 25(3): 51-53.
    64. Suwandi and Nurtika, N. (1987). Buletin - Penelitian - Hortikulture, 15(2): 213-218.
    65. Swayamprabha, K et aI. (1989). National Seminar on "Humic Acids in Agriculture". Annamalai University,Tamii
    66. Nadu, India, pp. 175-181.
    67. Tan, K.H. (1980). Soil Sci., 129(1): 5-11.
    68. Tan, K.H. and Binger, A (1986). Soil Sci., 141: 20-25.
    69. Vol. 27, No.4. 2006
    70. Thangavelu, R. and Ramabadran, R. (1993). Madras Agric. J., 80: 575-580.
    71. Thompson, ML et ai. (1989). Soil Sci., 148: 250-256.
    72. Tyler, L.D. and Bride, M.C. (1982). Plant Soil., 64: 259-262.
    73. Varshney, T.N. and Gaur. AC. (1974). Curro Sci., 43: 95-97.
    74. Vasudevan, S.N. et al. (1997). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 67(3): 110-112.
    75. Vaughan, D. and Lanehan, D.J. (1976). Plant Soil, 44: 445-449.
    76. Vaughan, D. and Ord, B.G. (1983). Plant Soil, 73: 27-34.
    77. Whiteley, M. (1993). Soil Tech., 6(4): 321-327.
    78. Xui, S.C. et aJ. (1994). J. Hebd. Agric. Univ., 17(1): 24-27.
    79. Yang-An-Mln et al. (1999). China Cottons, 26: 12-14.
    80. Young, C.C. and Chen, L.F. (1997). Plant Soil, 195: 143-149.
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      volume 27 issue 4 (december 2006) : 276 - 283

      EXPLOITING THE NATURAL RESOURCE - LIGNITE HUMIC ACID IN AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW

      K
      K. Kalaichelvi
      C
      C. Chinnusamyl
      A
      A. Arul Swaminathan2
      1Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, COimbatore - 641 003, Tamil Nadu, India

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Kalaichelvi K., Chinnusamyl C., Swaminathan2 Arul A. (2025). EXPLOITING THE NATURAL RESOURCE - LIGNITE HUMIC ACID IN AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 27(4): 276 - 283. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      Humic acid typically contains heterocyclic compowx:\s with carboxylic, phenolic, alcoholic
      and carbonyl fractions extracted from lignite with high molecular weight. Humic acid has been
      extracted from various sources such as lignite, peat, coal, farmyard manure, coirpith besides
      natural persistence in soil. Humic acid plays a vital role in enhancing the nutrient uptake of crop
      by acting as a chelate in mobilizing nutrients. Prevents losses of degradation and leaching of
      nutrients and.thus reduces the use of inorganic fertilizers beSides increasing the efficiency of the
      applied fertilizers. Presence of growth promotthg substances such as auxins and gibbereUins had
      been reported in humic acid and it plays an important role in enhancing the enzymatic activities
      of the plants. The resistance in the plants found to be increased by the humic acid application.
      The soil fertility would be improved by mobilising the unavailable form of nutrients to the
      available form. The humic acid application at optimal rates has been reported to enhance the
      yield of various crops.

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Abbes, C. et aJ. (1994). Soil Bioi. Bio. Chern., 26: 1041-105l.
        2. Albuzi, A. et al. (1986). Can. J. Soil. Sci., 66: 731-736.
        3. AU India Co-rdinated Cotton Improvement Project (1994). Annual Progress Report, Coimbatore Centre, pp. 20-22.
        4. Balasubramanian, O. et al. (2002), Indian. J. Agric. Chern., 33(1): 11-15.
        5. Basak, UK and Ghosh. SK (1999). J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 47(2): 200-205.
        6. Cacco, G. and Agnola. G.D. (1984). Can. J. Soil. Sci., 64: 225-228.
        7. Casenova De Sanfilippo et al. (1990). Bioi. Plantarum, 32(5): 346-351.
        8. Chandrasekaran, S. (1992). Indian. J. Agric. Chern., 25: '129-141.
        9. Chandrikavaradachari et al. (1991). Soil Sci., 151(1): 220-227. ,
        10. Chellaiah, N. and Gopalaswamy, N. (1995). Agric. Sci. Digest, 15(4): 171-173.
        11. Chellaiah, N. arid Gopalaswamy, N. '(2000). Madras Agric. J" 87(4-6): 2.97-270.
        12. 282 AGRICULTURAL REVIEWS
        13. Concheri, G.S. et a/. (1996). Plant Soil, 179: 65-72.
        14. ',Das, A (1996). J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 44(4): 788-790.
        15. IDavid, P.P. et a/. (1994). J. Plant Nutrition, 17(1): 173-184.
        16. Dell' Agnola G. and Nard, S. (1987). Bioi. Fertil. Soils., 4: 115-118.
        17. Dinel, H. et a/. (1991). Soil Sci., .151: 146-155.
        18. Dormaur, J.E (1975). Can. J. Soil Sci., 55: 111-118.
        19. Fegbenro, JA and Agboola, AA (1993). J. Plant Nutrition, 16(8): 1465-1483.
        20. Ferretti, M.R. et a/. (1991). Can. J. Soil Sci., 71: 239-242.
        21. Gumlniskl, S. et aI. (1983). J. Exp. Bot., 16: 151-152.
        22. Harper, S.M. et a/. (1995). Plant Soil, 171: 189-192.
        23. Hasmotsaikh and Parthakumar Chandra (1999): J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 47(2): 206-211.
        24. Ivanohelanova and Sladky, Z. (1967). Bioi. P/antarum, 9(4): 276-284.
        25. !vanovich, M. et a/. (1996). Symposium at the American Chemical Society's National Meeting, Chlcacogo, USA,
        26. 220-243.
        27. Khungar, S.C. and Manoharan, V. (2000). Fertil.News, 45(8): 23-25.
        28. Kowalski. R. and Davies, G.E (1982). Plant Soil, 68: 139-141.
        29. Lal, J.K. and Mishra, B. (2000), J. Res., 12(2): 179-185.
        30. Lobartini, J.C. et a/. (1992). Sci. Total Environment, 113(1): 1-15.
        31. Madhumita Das et a/. (2000). Ann. Agric. Res., 21(2): 216-222.
        32. Maggioni, A, et a/.(1987). Sci. Total Environ., 62: 355-363.
        33. Mallikc\rjuna Rao et aJ. (1987). Curro Sci., 56: 1273-1276.
        34. Manjokumar et a/. (2002). J. Indian Soci Soil. Sci., 50: 213-216.
        35. Martinez, MA et a/. (1984). Soil Sci., 138(4): 257-261.
        36. Mato, M.C. et a/. (1971). Soil Bioi. Biochem., : 258-288.
        37. Milap Chand et al. (1980). Plant Soil, 55: 17-24.
        38. Mirsanavosmidova (1960). Bioi. P/antarum, 2(2): 152-164.
        39. Mishra, B. and Srivastava, L.L. (1998). J. Indian Soc. Soil. Sci., 36: 83-89.
        40. Mylonas, VA and Mc Cants, C.B. (1980). Plant Soil, 54: 485-490.
        41. Nardi, S. et al. (1994). Soil BioI. Biochem., 26: 1341-1346.
        42. Nardi, S. et al. (2000). Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. J., 64: 639-645.
        43. Nishlta, H. at a/. (1973). Plant Soil, 39: 161-176.
        44. O'Donnell, R.w. (1973). Soil Sci., 116: 106-112.
        45. Peng Zheng Ping et aJ. (2001). J. Hebci Agric. Univ., 24(1): 24-27.
        46. Poapst, PA et aJ.(1970). Plant Soil, 32: 367-372.
        47. Prasad, B. and Singh, KN. (2000). J. Indian. Soc. Soil Sci., 48(2): 377-378.
        48. Raina, J.N. and Goswami, K.P. (1988). J. Indian. Soc. Soil Sci., 36: 264-268.
        49. Rozenbaha et a/. (2002). Analytica - Chemica. Acta., 452(1): 105-114.
        50. Samirpal and Senugpta, B. (1985). Plant Soil., 88: 71-91.
        51. Sanjibkar, (1998). Indian Agric., 42(4): 273-277.
        52. Santhi, P.et a/. (2001). J. Indian Soci. Soil Sci., 49(2): 281-289.
        53. Saravanan, A. (1989). M.Sc. (Ag.) Thesis. Annamalai University.
        54. Sathyabama, K (2001). Ph.D. Thesis. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University. COimbatore.
        55. Schnitzer, M. (2000). Adv. Agron., 68: 3-54.
        56. Sensi, N. et a/. (1990). Plant Soil, 127: 41-47.
        57. Singaravel, K et aJ. (1998). J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 46(1): 145-146.
        58. Singhal, R.M. and Pramod Kumar (1992). J. Indian. Soc Soil Sci., 40: 837-839.
        59. Singhvi, N.R. (1991). Acta Botanica India, 19: 97-99.
        60. Solaiappan, U. et a/. (1995). Indian J. Agron., 40(1): 156-157.
        61. Stevenson, EJ. (1991). Organic Matter - Micronutrient reactions in soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison.
        62. SUjana Reddy, K and Chandrasekhar Rao, P.· (2000). J. tndian Soc. Soil Sci., 48(3): 596-598.
        63. Sumukh Das (2001). Pestology, 25(3): 51-53.
        64. Suwandi and Nurtika, N. (1987). Buletin - Penelitian - Hortikulture, 15(2): 213-218.
        65. Swayamprabha, K et aI. (1989). National Seminar on "Humic Acids in Agriculture". Annamalai University,Tamii
        66. Nadu, India, pp. 175-181.
        67. Tan, K.H. (1980). Soil Sci., 129(1): 5-11.
        68. Tan, K.H. and Binger, A (1986). Soil Sci., 141: 20-25.
        69. Vol. 27, No.4. 2006
        70. Thangavelu, R. and Ramabadran, R. (1993). Madras Agric. J., 80: 575-580.
        71. Thompson, ML et ai. (1989). Soil Sci., 148: 250-256.
        72. Tyler, L.D. and Bride, M.C. (1982). Plant Soil., 64: 259-262.
        73. Varshney, T.N. and Gaur. AC. (1974). Curro Sci., 43: 95-97.
        74. Vasudevan, S.N. et al. (1997). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 67(3): 110-112.
        75. Vaughan, D. and Lanehan, D.J. (1976). Plant Soil, 44: 445-449.
        76. Vaughan, D. and Ord, B.G. (1983). Plant Soil, 73: 27-34.
        77. Whiteley, M. (1993). Soil Tech., 6(4): 321-327.
        78. Xui, S.C. et aJ. (1994). J. Hebd. Agric. Univ., 17(1): 24-27.
        79. Yang-An-Mln et al. (1999). China Cottons, 26: 12-14.
        80. Young, C.C. and Chen, L.F. (1997). Plant Soil, 195: 143-149.
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