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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 35 issue 2 (june 2014) : 153-157,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0741.2014.00094.4

CHROMIUM POLLUTION: A THREAT TO ENVIRONMENT - A REVIEW

M
M.L. Dotaniya*
J
J.K. Thakur
V
V.D. Meena
D
D.K. Jajoria1
G
Gopal Rathor
1Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal- 462 038, India
Cite article:- Dotaniya* M.L., Thakur J.K., Meena V.D., Jajoria1 D.K., Rathor Gopal (2025). CHROMIUM POLLUTION: A THREAT TO ENVIRONMENT - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 35(2): 153-157. doi: 10.5958/0976-0741.2014.00094.4.

ABSTRACT

In recent years, contamination of the environment by chromium (Cr) has become a major concern. It is unique among the heavy metals found in industrial waste water and sewage and sludge, as it may exist as a trivalent cation and as anion in the hexavalent state in the pH range of agricultural soils. It is used on a large scale in many different industries, including metallurgy, electroplating, production of paints and pigments, tanning, wood preservation, chemical production, and pulp and paper production. These industries are contributing larger amount of Cr, which can ultimately have significant adverse effects on biological and ecological activities of ecosystem. Chromium enters in the food chain through consumption of plant material. A high concentration of Cr has been found to be harmful to vegetation. As the Cr concentration in plants increases, it adversely affects several biological parameters and eventually renders the soil barren.

REFERENCES

  1. Adhikari, T. and Singh, M. V. (2007). Sorption characteristic of chromium and its phytotoxic effect with and without city compost on maize and spinach in a Vertisol of central India. Communi. Soil Sci. Plant Ana. 38 (11&12): 1503- 1518.
  2. Andjelkovic, D.H., Andjelkoviæ, T. D., Nikolic, R. S., Purenovi, M. M., Blagojeviæ, S. D., Bojiæ, A. L. and Ristiæ, M. M. (2012). Leaching of chromium from chromium contaminated soil – a speciation study and geochemical modelling. J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 77 (1) 119–129.
  3. Bahafid, W., Joutey, N. T., Sayel, H., Boularab, I. and Ghachtouli, N. (2013). Bioaugmentation of chromium-polluted soil microcosms with Candida tropicalis diminishes phyto-available chromium. J. Appl. Microbiol. doi: 10.1111/ jam.12282.
  4. Baize, D. (1997). Total Contents of Metallic Trace Elements in Soils. INRA Paris.
  5. Barceló, J. and Poschenrieder, C. (1997). Chromium in plants. In: Canali , S., Tittarelli, Sequi, P. (eds.) Chromium environmental issues, Franco Angeli Publ, Milano pp 101–129.
  6. Chrotowski, P., Durda, J.L. and Edelman, K.G. (1991). The Use of natural processes for the control of chromium migration. Remed. 2: 341-351.
  7. Dotaniya M. L., Das, H. and Meena, V. D. (2014a). Assessment of chromium efficacy on germination, root elongation, and coleoptile growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth periods. Environ. Monit. Assess. 186:2957-2963.
  8. Dotaniya, M. L. and Lata M. (2012).Cleaning soils with phytoremediation. GeoGraphy You. 12 (73): 18-21.
  9. Dotaniya, M. L., Saha J. K., Meena, V. D., Rajendiran, S., Coumar, M. V., Kundu, S. and Rao, A. Subba (2014b). Impact of tannery effluent irrigation on heavy metal build up in soil and ground water in Kanpur. Agrotechnol. 2(4):77.
  10. Eliopoulos, E. M., Megremi, I., Cathy, A., Theodoratou, C. and Vasilatos, C. (2013). Spatial evolution of the chromium contamination in soils from the Assopos to Thiva Basin and C. Evia (Greece) and potential source(s): Anthropogenic versus natural processes. Geosci. 3(2): 140-158.
  11. Juste, C. and Mench, M. (1992). Long-term application of sewage sludge and its effects on metal uptake by crops. In: Adriano DC (eds.) Biogeochemistry of trace metals, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, pp 159–193.
  12. Krishnamurthy, S. and Wilkens, M. M. (1994). Environmental chemistry of Cr. Northeastern Geol. 16: 14–17.
  13. Lokhande, R. S., Singare, P. U. and Pimple, D. S. (2011). Toxicity study of heavy metals pollutants in waste water effluent samples collected from Taloja industrial estate of Mumbai, India. Resources Environ. 1(1):13-19.
  14. Naidu, R. and Kookana, R. S. (2000). Chemistry of chromium in soils: an overview. In: Towards better management of soils contaminated with tannery wastes. AICAR Public. 88: 43-54.
  15. Purakastha, T. J. and Chhonkar, P. (2010). Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Soil Biol. 19: 389-429.
  16. Shanker, A. K., Cervantes, C. Tavera, H. L. and Avudainayagam, S. (2005). Chromium toxicity in plants. Environ. Int. 31:739-753.
  17. Shenbagavalli, S. and Mahimairaja, S. (2012). Biotransformation and bioavailability of chromium contaminated soil and the effect of poultry manure and pseudomonas. Int. J. Plant, Animal Environ. Sci. 2 (1):190-196.
  18. Zayed, A., Lytle, C. M., Qian, J. H. and Terry, N. (1998). Chromium accumulation, translocation and chemical speciation in vegetable crops. Planta. 206: 293–299.
  19. Zou, J., Wang, M., Jiang, W. and Liu, D. (2006). Chromium accumulation and its effects on other mineral elements in Amaranthus viridis L. Acta Biol Cracoviensia Series Bot. 48 (1): 7–12.
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    volume 35 issue 2 (june 2014) : 153-157,   Doi: 10.5958/0976-0741.2014.00094.4

    CHROMIUM POLLUTION: A THREAT TO ENVIRONMENT - A REVIEW

    M
    M.L. Dotaniya*
    J
    J.K. Thakur
    V
    V.D. Meena
    D
    D.K. Jajoria1
    G
    Gopal Rathor
    1Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabi Bagh, Berasia Road, Bhopal- 462 038, India
    Cite article:- Dotaniya* M.L., Thakur J.K., Meena V.D., Jajoria1 D.K., Rathor Gopal (2025). CHROMIUM POLLUTION: A THREAT TO ENVIRONMENT - A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 35(2): 153-157. doi: 10.5958/0976-0741.2014.00094.4.

    ABSTRACT

    In recent years, contamination of the environment by chromium (Cr) has become a major concern. It is unique among the heavy metals found in industrial waste water and sewage and sludge, as it may exist as a trivalent cation and as anion in the hexavalent state in the pH range of agricultural soils. It is used on a large scale in many different industries, including metallurgy, electroplating, production of paints and pigments, tanning, wood preservation, chemical production, and pulp and paper production. These industries are contributing larger amount of Cr, which can ultimately have significant adverse effects on biological and ecological activities of ecosystem. Chromium enters in the food chain through consumption of plant material. A high concentration of Cr has been found to be harmful to vegetation. As the Cr concentration in plants increases, it adversely affects several biological parameters and eventually renders the soil barren.

    REFERENCES

    1. Adhikari, T. and Singh, M. V. (2007). Sorption characteristic of chromium and its phytotoxic effect with and without city compost on maize and spinach in a Vertisol of central India. Communi. Soil Sci. Plant Ana. 38 (11&12): 1503- 1518.
    2. Andjelkovic, D.H., Andjelkoviæ, T. D., Nikolic, R. S., Purenovi, M. M., Blagojeviæ, S. D., Bojiæ, A. L. and Ristiæ, M. M. (2012). Leaching of chromium from chromium contaminated soil – a speciation study and geochemical modelling. J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 77 (1) 119–129.
    3. Bahafid, W., Joutey, N. T., Sayel, H., Boularab, I. and Ghachtouli, N. (2013). Bioaugmentation of chromium-polluted soil microcosms with Candida tropicalis diminishes phyto-available chromium. J. Appl. Microbiol. doi: 10.1111/ jam.12282.
    4. Baize, D. (1997). Total Contents of Metallic Trace Elements in Soils. INRA Paris.
    5. Barceló, J. and Poschenrieder, C. (1997). Chromium in plants. In: Canali , S., Tittarelli, Sequi, P. (eds.) Chromium environmental issues, Franco Angeli Publ, Milano pp 101–129.
    6. Chrotowski, P., Durda, J.L. and Edelman, K.G. (1991). The Use of natural processes for the control of chromium migration. Remed. 2: 341-351.
    7. Dotaniya M. L., Das, H. and Meena, V. D. (2014a). Assessment of chromium efficacy on germination, root elongation, and coleoptile growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth periods. Environ. Monit. Assess. 186:2957-2963.
    8. Dotaniya, M. L. and Lata M. (2012).Cleaning soils with phytoremediation. GeoGraphy You. 12 (73): 18-21.
    9. Dotaniya, M. L., Saha J. K., Meena, V. D., Rajendiran, S., Coumar, M. V., Kundu, S. and Rao, A. Subba (2014b). Impact of tannery effluent irrigation on heavy metal build up in soil and ground water in Kanpur. Agrotechnol. 2(4):77.
    10. Eliopoulos, E. M., Megremi, I., Cathy, A., Theodoratou, C. and Vasilatos, C. (2013). Spatial evolution of the chromium contamination in soils from the Assopos to Thiva Basin and C. Evia (Greece) and potential source(s): Anthropogenic versus natural processes. Geosci. 3(2): 140-158.
    11. Juste, C. and Mench, M. (1992). Long-term application of sewage sludge and its effects on metal uptake by crops. In: Adriano DC (eds.) Biogeochemistry of trace metals, Lewis Publishers, Boca Raton, pp 159–193.
    12. Krishnamurthy, S. and Wilkens, M. M. (1994). Environmental chemistry of Cr. Northeastern Geol. 16: 14–17.
    13. Lokhande, R. S., Singare, P. U. and Pimple, D. S. (2011). Toxicity study of heavy metals pollutants in waste water effluent samples collected from Taloja industrial estate of Mumbai, India. Resources Environ. 1(1):13-19.
    14. Naidu, R. and Kookana, R. S. (2000). Chemistry of chromium in soils: an overview. In: Towards better management of soils contaminated with tannery wastes. AICAR Public. 88: 43-54.
    15. Purakastha, T. J. and Chhonkar, P. (2010). Phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. Soil Biol. 19: 389-429.
    16. Shanker, A. K., Cervantes, C. Tavera, H. L. and Avudainayagam, S. (2005). Chromium toxicity in plants. Environ. Int. 31:739-753.
    17. Shenbagavalli, S. and Mahimairaja, S. (2012). Biotransformation and bioavailability of chromium contaminated soil and the effect of poultry manure and pseudomonas. Int. J. Plant, Animal Environ. Sci. 2 (1):190-196.
    18. Zayed, A., Lytle, C. M., Qian, J. H. and Terry, N. (1998). Chromium accumulation, translocation and chemical speciation in vegetable crops. Planta. 206: 293–299.
    19. Zou, J., Wang, M., Jiang, W. and Liu, D. (2006). Chromium accumulation and its effects on other mineral elements in Amaranthus viridis L. Acta Biol Cracoviensia Series Bot. 48 (1): 7–12.
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