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volume 29 issue 3 (september 2008) : 157 - 166

GREEN MANURE INTERCROPPING IN COTTON- A REVIEW

K
K. Vaiyapuri
P
P. Rajendran
M
M. Mohamed Amanullah
E
E. Somasundaram
1Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India.

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Vaiyapuri K., Rajendran P., Amanullah Mohamed M., Somasundaram E. (2025). GREEN MANURE INTERCROPPING IN COTTON- A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 29(3): 157 - 166. doi: .

ABSTRACT

Cotton is a wide spaced and initial slow growing crop and therefore, offers scope for intercropping green manure. Intercropping and incorporation of green manure supply nitrogen and increase the nutrient use efficiency and yield of cotton. Incorporation of leguminous green manure crops viz., sunnhemp, dhaincha, mung etc., has the beneficial effect on soil fertility also. As cotton and plant protection are inseparable, green manure intercrop has to serve as plant protectant too. More importance has to be attached for such green manures. With all these ideas in view, an attempt has been made to review the research work done on intercropping green manures and unconventional green manures on the growth, nutrient contribution, pest control and yield of cotton.

KEYWORDS

    REFERENCES

    1. Abrol, I.P. and Palaniappan, S.P. (1988). In: Proceedings of Symposium on Sustainable Agriculture, Int. Rice. Res. Instt.,
    2. Philippines, 25-29, May, 1987. pp.71-82.
    3. AICCIP. 2003. Annual Report 2002-03. CICR (RS) Coimbatore – 3.
    4. Ali, M. and Narsica, J.H. (1993). IRRI Social Science Division paper series, IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines.
    5. Anonymous. (1990). AICCIR (TNAU) Annual Progress Report, 1990-91, Coimbatore.
    6. Arjun Prasad.,et al (1989). Indian Farming, 29: 3.
    7. Basu, A.K. (1985). Fertl. News. 30: 35-42.
    8. Bavale, B.L. and Vyahalkar, G.R. (1981). Cotton Dev., 11: 1-3.
    9. Becker, M. et al. (1988). Biol. Fertil. Soils. 6: 279-281.
    10. Bouldin, D.R. et al. (1988). In: Nitrogen in Crop Production, Hanck R.D., (Ed.) Am. Soc. Agron., Madison, Wisconsin.
    11. pp. 221-248.
    12. Chatterjee, B.N. and Mandal, R.K. (1992). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 62: 507-518.
    13. Chellamuthu, V. and Ramaswami, C. (2000). Madras Agric. J., 87: 95-98.
    14. Chittapur, B.M. and Shenoy, H. (1998). Agric. Rev., 19: 167-177.
    15. Davide, R.G. (1979). Phytopathol., 15: 141-144.
    16. Dhananjaya Rao and Dharma Rao, M. (1961).Indian Cotton Growing Review, 15: 318-321.
    17. Divekar, C.B. and Kurtakoti, F.D. (1961). Indian Groundnut Res., 15: 233.
    18. Ducker, H.C. and Hozle, S.T. (1948). Nyasal and Emp. Cott. Grow. Rev., 25: 112-122.
    19. Gidnavar, V.S. et al. (1992). Fmg. Systems, 8: 53-55.
    20. Gopalaswamy, S.V.S. et al. (2000). Pestology, 24: 7-11.
    21. Gracy Mathew and Alexander, D. (1995). Madras Agric. J., 82: 66-67.
    22. Greenland, D.J. et al. (1979). J. Soil Sci., 26: 291-294.
    23. Huang, S.P. (1984). J. Nematol.,16: 396-398.
    24. Jambhrunkar, S.R. et al. (1998). J. Soils and Crops., 8: 50-52.
    25. Joffee, J.S. (1955). Adv. Agron., 7: 142-186.
    26. Kairon, M.S. and Avtar Singh. (1972). Cotton Dev., 2: 1-5.
    27. Katkar, A. Et al. (2002). Crop Res., 23: 194-197.
    28. Kavitha, G. et al. (2003). J. Biol. Control., 17: 17-21.
    29. Khaini, K.N. and More, D.A. (1984). J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 32: 392-393.
    30. Kulandaivel, S. et al. (2001). Ann. Agric. Res., 22: 64-66.
    31. Kundu, K. et al. (1993). Internl. Rice Res. Newsl., 18: 27.
    32. Ladha, J.K. (1995). Plant and soil, 174: 1-8.
    33. Laster, M.L. and Furr, R.E. (1972). J. Econ. Ento., 65: 1524-1525.
    34. Mahabaleshwar Hegde, K.A. et al. (2003). Indian J. Pl. Prot., 31: 98-104.
    35. Maradufu, A. et al. (1978). Lloydia (Cinnci.), 41: 181-183.
    36. Mathias Becker. (1996). In: Biological nitrogen fixation associated with rice production, (ed.) Rahman et al. Dordrecht,
    37. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
    38. Mayee, C.D. et al. (2002). The Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture, Kasthuri and Sons Ltd., Chennai, pp.129-
    39. 132.
    40. Meena Menon. (2003). Farmers’ Forum, 3 : 17.
    41. Mirchandani, R.T. (1950). Indian Cotton Grow Rev., 4: 89-94.
    42. Mishra, G.N. et al. (1970). Indian Sugar, 19: 817-820.
    43. Mote, V.N. et al. (2001). Ann. Pl. Protec. Sci., 9: 32-36.
    44. Nagre, N.T. (1975). Indian J. Agron., 24: 390-394.
    45. 166 AGRICUTURAL REVIEWS
    46. Nalayini, P. et al. (2002). Theme paper in GOI sponsored workshop on Research extension linkage. Feb. 2-13, organized
    47. by TNAU, Coimbatore. P.38-45.
    48. Palaniappan, S.P. (1985). Cropping system in the tropics – Principles and management. Willey Eastern Limited, New
    49. Delhi. p.7.
    50. Palaniappan, S.P. and Siddeswaran, K. (1999). In: Bio-resources Technology for Sustainable Agriculture Associated
    51. Publishing Company, New Delhi. pp.41-55.
    52. Pandey, R.K. and Morris, R.A. (1983). In International Rice Research Conference, April 18-23, 1983 held at
    53. IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines.
    54. Peoples, M.B. et al. (1988). In: The Role of Green Manures in Rice Farming; Proceedings of Symposium on Sustainable
    55. Agriculture. Int. Rice Res. Instt., May, 1987. Philippines. Pp.223-274.
    56. Pieters, A.J. (1927). Green Manuring : Principles and Practice. John Willey and Sons Inc., New York.
    57. Praveen Rao, (1991). J. Res. APAU, 19: 73-74.
    58. Ramanathan, S.P. (1995). Ph.D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ., Coimbatore.
    59. Ramesh Babu, (1998). Indian J. Agron., 43: 261-263.
    60. Rao, M.H. (1982). Intercropping in cotton. Cott. Dev., 12: 33-34.
    61. Saminathan, V.R. et al. (2002). Indian J. Ent., 64: 351-357.
    62. Sanjay Sharma. et al. (2000). Crop Res., 19: 418-423.
    63. Sankaran, S. and Balasubramanian, N. (1982). Cotton Dev., 12: 23.
    64. Sarkar, R.K. et al. (1995). Indian J. Agrl. Sci., 65: 246-249.
    65. Satheeskumar, N. (1999). M.Sc.(Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ., Coimbatore.
    66. Selvi, R.V. (2001). Ph.D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641003.
    67. Solaiappan, V., et al. (1999). Indian J. Agron., 44: 59-63.
    68. Subramanian, V. et al. (1995). Madras Agric. J., 82: 40-41.
    69. Sucha Singh and Rajender Singh. (1973). J. Res. (PAU), 10: 280-284.
    70. Sundara, B. and Rakkiappan, P. (1994). The Hindu Newspaper dated 8.6.1994. p.28.
    71. Suresh, S. and Dason, A.A. (1996). Madras Agric. J., 83: 56-57.
    72. Thakur, D.R. (1994). Indian J. Agron., 39: 203-206.
    73. Tomar, S.P.S., et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron., 39: 397-402.
    74. Vikas Singhal, (2003). Indian Agriculture. Vikas Singhal for economic data research centre. New Delhi. pp.310-334.
    75. Wankhade, S.T. et al. (2000). Crop Res., 19: 409-414.
    76. Weaver, D.K., et al. (1994). J. Econ. Ent., 87: 1718-1725.
    77. Yegnanarayana Iyer, K. (1950). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 10: 439-543.
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      volume 29 issue 3 (september 2008) : 157 - 166

      GREEN MANURE INTERCROPPING IN COTTON- A REVIEW

      K
      K. Vaiyapuri
      P
      P. Rajendran
      M
      M. Mohamed Amanullah
      E
      E. Somasundaram
      1Department of Agronomy, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India.

      • Submitted|

      • First Online |

      • doi

      Cite article:- Vaiyapuri K., Rajendran P., Amanullah Mohamed M., Somasundaram E. (2025). GREEN MANURE INTERCROPPING IN COTTON- A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 29(3): 157 - 166. doi: .

      ABSTRACT

      Cotton is a wide spaced and initial slow growing crop and therefore, offers scope for intercropping green manure. Intercropping and incorporation of green manure supply nitrogen and increase the nutrient use efficiency and yield of cotton. Incorporation of leguminous green manure crops viz., sunnhemp, dhaincha, mung etc., has the beneficial effect on soil fertility also. As cotton and plant protection are inseparable, green manure intercrop has to serve as plant protectant too. More importance has to be attached for such green manures. With all these ideas in view, an attempt has been made to review the research work done on intercropping green manures and unconventional green manures on the growth, nutrient contribution, pest control and yield of cotton.

      KEYWORDS

        REFERENCES

        1. Abrol, I.P. and Palaniappan, S.P. (1988). In: Proceedings of Symposium on Sustainable Agriculture, Int. Rice. Res. Instt.,
        2. Philippines, 25-29, May, 1987. pp.71-82.
        3. AICCIP. 2003. Annual Report 2002-03. CICR (RS) Coimbatore – 3.
        4. Ali, M. and Narsica, J.H. (1993). IRRI Social Science Division paper series, IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines.
        5. Anonymous. (1990). AICCIR (TNAU) Annual Progress Report, 1990-91, Coimbatore.
        6. Arjun Prasad.,et al (1989). Indian Farming, 29: 3.
        7. Basu, A.K. (1985). Fertl. News. 30: 35-42.
        8. Bavale, B.L. and Vyahalkar, G.R. (1981). Cotton Dev., 11: 1-3.
        9. Becker, M. et al. (1988). Biol. Fertil. Soils. 6: 279-281.
        10. Bouldin, D.R. et al. (1988). In: Nitrogen in Crop Production, Hanck R.D., (Ed.) Am. Soc. Agron., Madison, Wisconsin.
        11. pp. 221-248.
        12. Chatterjee, B.N. and Mandal, R.K. (1992). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 62: 507-518.
        13. Chellamuthu, V. and Ramaswami, C. (2000). Madras Agric. J., 87: 95-98.
        14. Chittapur, B.M. and Shenoy, H. (1998). Agric. Rev., 19: 167-177.
        15. Davide, R.G. (1979). Phytopathol., 15: 141-144.
        16. Dhananjaya Rao and Dharma Rao, M. (1961).Indian Cotton Growing Review, 15: 318-321.
        17. Divekar, C.B. and Kurtakoti, F.D. (1961). Indian Groundnut Res., 15: 233.
        18. Ducker, H.C. and Hozle, S.T. (1948). Nyasal and Emp. Cott. Grow. Rev., 25: 112-122.
        19. Gidnavar, V.S. et al. (1992). Fmg. Systems, 8: 53-55.
        20. Gopalaswamy, S.V.S. et al. (2000). Pestology, 24: 7-11.
        21. Gracy Mathew and Alexander, D. (1995). Madras Agric. J., 82: 66-67.
        22. Greenland, D.J. et al. (1979). J. Soil Sci., 26: 291-294.
        23. Huang, S.P. (1984). J. Nematol.,16: 396-398.
        24. Jambhrunkar, S.R. et al. (1998). J. Soils and Crops., 8: 50-52.
        25. Joffee, J.S. (1955). Adv. Agron., 7: 142-186.
        26. Kairon, M.S. and Avtar Singh. (1972). Cotton Dev., 2: 1-5.
        27. Katkar, A. Et al. (2002). Crop Res., 23: 194-197.
        28. Kavitha, G. et al. (2003). J. Biol. Control., 17: 17-21.
        29. Khaini, K.N. and More, D.A. (1984). J. Indian Soc. Soil Sci., 32: 392-393.
        30. Kulandaivel, S. et al. (2001). Ann. Agric. Res., 22: 64-66.
        31. Kundu, K. et al. (1993). Internl. Rice Res. Newsl., 18: 27.
        32. Ladha, J.K. (1995). Plant and soil, 174: 1-8.
        33. Laster, M.L. and Furr, R.E. (1972). J. Econ. Ento., 65: 1524-1525.
        34. Mahabaleshwar Hegde, K.A. et al. (2003). Indian J. Pl. Prot., 31: 98-104.
        35. Maradufu, A. et al. (1978). Lloydia (Cinnci.), 41: 181-183.
        36. Mathias Becker. (1996). In: Biological nitrogen fixation associated with rice production, (ed.) Rahman et al. Dordrecht,
        37. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
        38. Mayee, C.D. et al. (2002). The Hindu Survey of Indian Agriculture, Kasthuri and Sons Ltd., Chennai, pp.129-
        39. 132.
        40. Meena Menon. (2003). Farmers’ Forum, 3 : 17.
        41. Mirchandani, R.T. (1950). Indian Cotton Grow Rev., 4: 89-94.
        42. Mishra, G.N. et al. (1970). Indian Sugar, 19: 817-820.
        43. Mote, V.N. et al. (2001). Ann. Pl. Protec. Sci., 9: 32-36.
        44. Nagre, N.T. (1975). Indian J. Agron., 24: 390-394.
        45. 166 AGRICUTURAL REVIEWS
        46. Nalayini, P. et al. (2002). Theme paper in GOI sponsored workshop on Research extension linkage. Feb. 2-13, organized
        47. by TNAU, Coimbatore. P.38-45.
        48. Palaniappan, S.P. (1985). Cropping system in the tropics – Principles and management. Willey Eastern Limited, New
        49. Delhi. p.7.
        50. Palaniappan, S.P. and Siddeswaran, K. (1999). In: Bio-resources Technology for Sustainable Agriculture Associated
        51. Publishing Company, New Delhi. pp.41-55.
        52. Pandey, R.K. and Morris, R.A. (1983). In International Rice Research Conference, April 18-23, 1983 held at
        53. IRRI, Los Banos, Philippines.
        54. Peoples, M.B. et al. (1988). In: The Role of Green Manures in Rice Farming; Proceedings of Symposium on Sustainable
        55. Agriculture. Int. Rice Res. Instt., May, 1987. Philippines. Pp.223-274.
        56. Pieters, A.J. (1927). Green Manuring : Principles and Practice. John Willey and Sons Inc., New York.
        57. Praveen Rao, (1991). J. Res. APAU, 19: 73-74.
        58. Ramanathan, S.P. (1995). Ph.D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ., Coimbatore.
        59. Ramesh Babu, (1998). Indian J. Agron., 43: 261-263.
        60. Rao, M.H. (1982). Intercropping in cotton. Cott. Dev., 12: 33-34.
        61. Saminathan, V.R. et al. (2002). Indian J. Ent., 64: 351-357.
        62. Sanjay Sharma. et al. (2000). Crop Res., 19: 418-423.
        63. Sankaran, S. and Balasubramanian, N. (1982). Cotton Dev., 12: 23.
        64. Sarkar, R.K. et al. (1995). Indian J. Agrl. Sci., 65: 246-249.
        65. Satheeskumar, N. (1999). M.Sc.(Ag.) Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agric. Univ., Coimbatore.
        66. Selvi, R.V. (2001). Ph.D. Thesis, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore- 641003.
        67. Solaiappan, V., et al. (1999). Indian J. Agron., 44: 59-63.
        68. Subramanian, V. et al. (1995). Madras Agric. J., 82: 40-41.
        69. Sucha Singh and Rajender Singh. (1973). J. Res. (PAU), 10: 280-284.
        70. Sundara, B. and Rakkiappan, P. (1994). The Hindu Newspaper dated 8.6.1994. p.28.
        71. Suresh, S. and Dason, A.A. (1996). Madras Agric. J., 83: 56-57.
        72. Thakur, D.R. (1994). Indian J. Agron., 39: 203-206.
        73. Tomar, S.P.S., et al. (1994). Indian J. Agron., 39: 397-402.
        74. Vikas Singhal, (2003). Indian Agriculture. Vikas Singhal for economic data research centre. New Delhi. pp.310-334.
        75. Wankhade, S.T. et al. (2000). Crop Res., 19: 409-414.
        76. Weaver, D.K., et al. (1994). J. Econ. Ent., 87: 1718-1725.
        77. Yegnanarayana Iyer, K. (1950). Indian J. Agric. Sci., 10: 439-543.
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