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Current IssueEditorial BoardOnline First ArticlesArchive

volume 30 issue 4 (december 2009) : 293 - 300

BOVINE LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (BLAD): A RECESSIVE DISORDER IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE- A REVIEW

V
Vijay Kumar
A
Ashwani Sharma
1Dairy Cattle Breeding Division National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, India.

  • Submitted|

  • First Online |

  • doi

Cite article:- Kumar Vijay, Sharma Ashwani (2025). BOVINE LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (BLAD): A RECESSIVE DISORDER IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE- A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 30(4): 293 - 300. doi: .

ABSTRACT

The present review is to summarize findings on one of the most important recessive
hereditary disorder Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome (BLAD) in cattle.
It is a disease of young Holstein calves characterized by recurrent pneumonia, ulcerative
and granulomatous stomatitis, periodontitis, delayed wound healing and persistent
neutrophilia. The recessive homozygous form is lethal and since carrier animals have
viability, BLAD frequency increases by use of carrier bulls in Artificial insemination (AI).
The gene CD18 was the suspected culprit and a point mutation was eventually identified
within the alleles encoding bovine CD18 in a Holstein calf affected with BLAD. This
mutation causes aspartic acid to glycine substitution at the amino acid level. PCR-RFLP,
PCR-SSCP, AS-PCR and Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR are certain PCR based techniques which
could be used to screen BLAD in cattle. The use of these molecular technologies promises
quick detection of carriers enables their culling therefore, controlling and preventing the
spread of BLAD in the population.

REFERENCES

  1. Agerholm, J.S. et al. (1993). Acta.Vet. Scand. 34: 237-243.
  2. Anderson, D.C. et al. (1986). J. Immunol. 137: 15-27.
  3. Anderson, D.C. and Springer, T.A. (1987). Ann. Rev. Med. 38: 175-194.
  4. Andrews, A.H. et al. (1996). Br. Vet. J. 152: 347- 351.
  5. Biochard, D. et al. (1995). 46th Ann. Mett. Eur. Assoc. Anim. prod. Prague.
  6. Chung, E.R. et al. (1997). Korean J. Dairy Sci. 19: 277-288.
  7. Cox, E. et al. (1997). Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 58: 249-263.
  8. Czarnik, U. et al. (1997). J. App. Gen. 38: 51-55.
  9. Esmaelizad, M. et al. (2002). 7th World-Congress-on-Genetics-Applied-to-Livestock-Production, France, 1: 1-3.
  10. Fesus, L. et al. (1996). J. Anim. Breed. Gen. 116: 169-174.
  11. Garderen, E.V. et al. (1994). Vet. Quart. 16: 24-26.
  12. Giger, U. et al. (1987). J. Amer. Soc. Hematology, 69: 1622-1630.
  13. Gourreau, J.M. et al. (1998). Summa (Italy). V. 15: 61-69.
  14. Huang, Y.C. et al. (2001). J. Taiwan Livestock Res. 34: 271-278.
  15. Hynes, R.O. (1987). Cell; 48: 549- 554.
  16. Janosa, A. et al. (1999). Act. Vet. Hung. 47: 283-289.
  17. Jorgensen, A.S. et al. (1993). Acta. Vet. Scand. 34: 231-236.
  18. Kehrli, M.E. et al. (1990). Am. J. Pathol. 140: 1489-1492.
  19. Kehrli, M.E. et al. (1991). Am. J. Vet. Res. 51: 1826-1836.
  20. Kishimoto, T.K. et al. (1989). Adv. Immunol. 46: 149-182.
  21. Kriegesmann, B. et al. (1997). J. Dairy Sci. 80: 2547-2549.
  22. Kucinskiene, J. and Miceikiene, I. (2000). Latvia University of Agriculture, 162: 13-16.
  23. Kumar, (2009). Thesis, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, pp1- 46.
  24. Kuczaka, A. et al. (1993). Griff. Der Tierzuchter. 45: 32-35.
  25. Larson, R.S. and Springer, T.A. (1990). Immunol. Rev. 114: 181-217.
  26. Llambi, S. et al. (2003). Ars-Veterinaria, 19: 52-56.
  27. Mahdi, (2008). Thesis, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, pp1- 48.
  28. Meylan, M. et al. (1997). Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd. 139: 277-281.
  29. Mirck, M.H. et al. (1995). Cell. Mol. Bio. 41: 695-698.
  30. Mueller, K.E. et al. (1997). Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 58: 39-53.
  31. Muraleedharan, P. et al. (1999). Arch. Tierz., Dummerstorf, 42: 347-52.
  32. Nagahata, H. et al. (1987). J. Vet. Med. 34: 445-451.
  33. Nagahata, H. et al. (1995). Can. J. Vet. Res. 59: 1-7.
  34. Nagahata, H. et al. (1997). J. Vet. Med. Sci. 59: 233–238.
  35. Nassiry, M.R. et al. (2005). Iranian J. Biotech. 3: 125-128.
  36. Natonek, M. (2000). Biul. Inf. Inst. Zootech. 38: 29–33.
  37. Norouzy, A. et al. (2005). Russ. J. Gen. 41: 1697-1701.
  38. Orita, M. et al. (1989). Genetics, 86: 2766-2770.
  39. Patel, R.K. et al. (2003). Intas. Polivet. 4: 11-14.
  40. Patel, R.K. et al. (2007). J. App .Gen. 48: 153-155.
  41. Poli, M.A. et al. (1996). Vet. Med. 43: 163-168.
  42. Powell, R.L. et al. (1996). Dairy Sci. 79: 895-899.
  43. Ribeiro, L.A. et al. (2000). Gen. Mol. Bio. 23: 831-834.
  44. Schilcher, F. et al. (1995). Wien. Tieraerztl. Monsehr. 82: 207-212.
  45. Shu, Y. et al. (2001). Nucleic Acids Res. 29: e88
  46. Shuster, D.E. et al. (1992). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89: 9225-9229.
  47. Snustad, D. P. and Simmons, M.J. (1984). Exp. Med. 160: 1901-1918.
  48. 300 AGRICUTURAL REVIEWS
  49. Springer, T.A. et al. (1984). Exp. Med., 160: 1901-1918.
  50. Springer, T.A. et al. (1990). Nature (Lond.) 346: 425-434.
  51. Steinholt, H.C. et al. (1994). J. Dairy Sci., 77: 1239-1250.
  52. Sunnuck, P. et al., (2000). Mol. Ecol. 9: 1699–1710.
  53. Tainturier, D. et al. (1995). Revue-de-Medecine-Veterinaire, 146: 189-193.
  54. Tajima, M. et al. (1993). Vet. Med. Sci. 55: 145-146.
  55. Takahashi, K. et al. (1987). Jpn. 1. Vet. Sci. 49: 733-736.
  56. Tammen, I. et al. (1996). Res. Vet. Sci., 60: 218-221
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    volume 30 issue 4 (december 2009) : 293 - 300

    BOVINE LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (BLAD): A RECESSIVE DISORDER IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE- A REVIEW

    V
    Vijay Kumar
    A
    Ashwani Sharma
    1Dairy Cattle Breeding Division National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, India.

    • Submitted|

    • First Online |

    • doi

    Cite article:- Kumar Vijay, Sharma Ashwani (2025). BOVINE LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (BLAD): A RECESSIVE DISORDER IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE- A REVIEW. Agricultural Reviews. 30(4): 293 - 300. doi: .

    ABSTRACT

    The present review is to summarize findings on one of the most important recessive
    hereditary disorder Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome (BLAD) in cattle.
    It is a disease of young Holstein calves characterized by recurrent pneumonia, ulcerative
    and granulomatous stomatitis, periodontitis, delayed wound healing and persistent
    neutrophilia. The recessive homozygous form is lethal and since carrier animals have
    viability, BLAD frequency increases by use of carrier bulls in Artificial insemination (AI).
    The gene CD18 was the suspected culprit and a point mutation was eventually identified
    within the alleles encoding bovine CD18 in a Holstein calf affected with BLAD. This
    mutation causes aspartic acid to glycine substitution at the amino acid level. PCR-RFLP,
    PCR-SSCP, AS-PCR and Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR are certain PCR based techniques which
    could be used to screen BLAD in cattle. The use of these molecular technologies promises
    quick detection of carriers enables their culling therefore, controlling and preventing the
    spread of BLAD in the population.

    REFERENCES

    1. Agerholm, J.S. et al. (1993). Acta.Vet. Scand. 34: 237-243.
    2. Anderson, D.C. et al. (1986). J. Immunol. 137: 15-27.
    3. Anderson, D.C. and Springer, T.A. (1987). Ann. Rev. Med. 38: 175-194.
    4. Andrews, A.H. et al. (1996). Br. Vet. J. 152: 347- 351.
    5. Biochard, D. et al. (1995). 46th Ann. Mett. Eur. Assoc. Anim. prod. Prague.
    6. Chung, E.R. et al. (1997). Korean J. Dairy Sci. 19: 277-288.
    7. Cox, E. et al. (1997). Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 58: 249-263.
    8. Czarnik, U. et al. (1997). J. App. Gen. 38: 51-55.
    9. Esmaelizad, M. et al. (2002). 7th World-Congress-on-Genetics-Applied-to-Livestock-Production, France, 1: 1-3.
    10. Fesus, L. et al. (1996). J. Anim. Breed. Gen. 116: 169-174.
    11. Garderen, E.V. et al. (1994). Vet. Quart. 16: 24-26.
    12. Giger, U. et al. (1987). J. Amer. Soc. Hematology, 69: 1622-1630.
    13. Gourreau, J.M. et al. (1998). Summa (Italy). V. 15: 61-69.
    14. Huang, Y.C. et al. (2001). J. Taiwan Livestock Res. 34: 271-278.
    15. Hynes, R.O. (1987). Cell; 48: 549- 554.
    16. Janosa, A. et al. (1999). Act. Vet. Hung. 47: 283-289.
    17. Jorgensen, A.S. et al. (1993). Acta. Vet. Scand. 34: 231-236.
    18. Kehrli, M.E. et al. (1990). Am. J. Pathol. 140: 1489-1492.
    19. Kehrli, M.E. et al. (1991). Am. J. Vet. Res. 51: 1826-1836.
    20. Kishimoto, T.K. et al. (1989). Adv. Immunol. 46: 149-182.
    21. Kriegesmann, B. et al. (1997). J. Dairy Sci. 80: 2547-2549.
    22. Kucinskiene, J. and Miceikiene, I. (2000). Latvia University of Agriculture, 162: 13-16.
    23. Kumar, (2009). Thesis, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, pp1- 46.
    24. Kuczaka, A. et al. (1993). Griff. Der Tierzuchter. 45: 32-35.
    25. Larson, R.S. and Springer, T.A. (1990). Immunol. Rev. 114: 181-217.
    26. Llambi, S. et al. (2003). Ars-Veterinaria, 19: 52-56.
    27. Mahdi, (2008). Thesis, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, pp1- 48.
    28. Meylan, M. et al. (1997). Schweiz. Arch. Tierheilkd. 139: 277-281.
    29. Mirck, M.H. et al. (1995). Cell. Mol. Bio. 41: 695-698.
    30. Mueller, K.E. et al. (1997). Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 58: 39-53.
    31. Muraleedharan, P. et al. (1999). Arch. Tierz., Dummerstorf, 42: 347-52.
    32. Nagahata, H. et al. (1987). J. Vet. Med. 34: 445-451.
    33. Nagahata, H. et al. (1995). Can. J. Vet. Res. 59: 1-7.
    34. Nagahata, H. et al. (1997). J. Vet. Med. Sci. 59: 233–238.
    35. Nassiry, M.R. et al. (2005). Iranian J. Biotech. 3: 125-128.
    36. Natonek, M. (2000). Biul. Inf. Inst. Zootech. 38: 29–33.
    37. Norouzy, A. et al. (2005). Russ. J. Gen. 41: 1697-1701.
    38. Orita, M. et al. (1989). Genetics, 86: 2766-2770.
    39. Patel, R.K. et al. (2003). Intas. Polivet. 4: 11-14.
    40. Patel, R.K. et al. (2007). J. App .Gen. 48: 153-155.
    41. Poli, M.A. et al. (1996). Vet. Med. 43: 163-168.
    42. Powell, R.L. et al. (1996). Dairy Sci. 79: 895-899.
    43. Ribeiro, L.A. et al. (2000). Gen. Mol. Bio. 23: 831-834.
    44. Schilcher, F. et al. (1995). Wien. Tieraerztl. Monsehr. 82: 207-212.
    45. Shu, Y. et al. (2001). Nucleic Acids Res. 29: e88
    46. Shuster, D.E. et al. (1992). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89: 9225-9229.
    47. Snustad, D. P. and Simmons, M.J. (1984). Exp. Med. 160: 1901-1918.
    48. 300 AGRICUTURAL REVIEWS
    49. Springer, T.A. et al. (1984). Exp. Med., 160: 1901-1918.
    50. Springer, T.A. et al. (1990). Nature (Lond.) 346: 425-434.
    51. Steinholt, H.C. et al. (1994). J. Dairy Sci., 77: 1239-1250.
    52. Sunnuck, P. et al., (2000). Mol. Ecol. 9: 1699–1710.
    53. Tainturier, D. et al. (1995). Revue-de-Medecine-Veterinaire, 146: 189-193.
    54. Tajima, M. et al. (1993). Vet. Med. Sci. 55: 145-146.
    55. Takahashi, K. et al. (1987). Jpn. 1. Vet. Sci. 49: 733-736.
    56. Tammen, I. et al. (1996). Res. Vet. Sci., 60: 218-221
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