volume 30 issue 4 (december 2009) : 293 - 300
BOVINE LEUKOCYTE ADHESION DEFICIENCY SYNDROME (BLAD): A RECESSIVE DISORDER IN HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN CATTLE- A REVIEW
1Dairy Cattle Breeding Division
National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal-132001, India.
ABSTRACT
The present review is to summarize findings on one of the most important recessive
hereditary disorder Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome (BLAD) in cattle.
It is a disease of young Holstein calves characterized by recurrent pneumonia, ulcerative
and granulomatous stomatitis, periodontitis, delayed wound healing and persistent
neutrophilia. The recessive homozygous form is lethal and since carrier animals have
viability, BLAD frequency increases by use of carrier bulls in Artificial insemination (AI).
The gene CD18 was the suspected culprit and a point mutation was eventually identified
within the alleles encoding bovine CD18 in a Holstein calf affected with BLAD. This
mutation causes aspartic acid to glycine substitution at the amino acid level. PCR-RFLP,
PCR-SSCP, AS-PCR and Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR are certain PCR based techniques which
could be used to screen BLAD in cattle. The use of these molecular technologies promises
quick detection of carriers enables their culling therefore, controlling and preventing the
spread of BLAD in the population.
hereditary disorder Bovine Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency Syndrome (BLAD) in cattle.
It is a disease of young Holstein calves characterized by recurrent pneumonia, ulcerative
and granulomatous stomatitis, periodontitis, delayed wound healing and persistent
neutrophilia. The recessive homozygous form is lethal and since carrier animals have
viability, BLAD frequency increases by use of carrier bulls in Artificial insemination (AI).
The gene CD18 was the suspected culprit and a point mutation was eventually identified
within the alleles encoding bovine CD18 in a Holstein calf affected with BLAD. This
mutation causes aspartic acid to glycine substitution at the amino acid level. PCR-RFLP,
PCR-SSCP, AS-PCR and Tetra-primer ARMS-PCR are certain PCR based techniques which
could be used to screen BLAD in cattle. The use of these molecular technologies promises
quick detection of carriers enables their culling therefore, controlling and preventing the
spread of BLAD in the population.
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